Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.29.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

वने॒ न वा॒ यो न्य॑धायि चा॒कञ्छुचि॑र्वां॒ स्तोमो॑ भुरणावजीगः । यस्येदिन्द्र॑: पुरु॒दिने॑षु॒ होता॑ नृ॒णां नर्यो॒ नृत॑मः क्ष॒पावा॑न् ॥
वने न वा यो न्यधायि चाकञ्छुचिर्वां स्तोमो भुरणावजीगः । यस्येदिन्द्रः पुरुदिनेषु होता नृणां नर्यो नृतमः क्षपावान् ॥
vane na vā yo ny adhāyi cākañ chucir vāṃ stomo bhuraṇāv ajīgaḥ | yasyed indraḥ purudineṣu hotā nṛṇāṃ naryo nṛtamaḥ kṣapāvān ||

English translation:

“As (the bird) who deposits its young (in its nest) in the tree (is) eagerly looking around, so you bearers(Aśvins) your pure praise (ever) keeps you awake; (that praise) of which Indra has for many days been theinvoker, (Indra) the friend of man, the manliest of men, (to whom the Soma) is offered at night.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Sāyaṇa adds:"Thus, he (?some older commentator) explains, treating this verse as one composed in praise of the Aśvins, thisis wrong, for the hymn being in praise of Indra, this first verse too is in praise of Indra." Nirukta 6.8:jigartigrāhvātikarmā

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasukraḥ [vasukra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

वने॑ । न । वा॒ । यः । नि । अ॒धा॒यि॒ । चा॒कन् । शुचिः॑ । वा॒म् । स्तोमः॑ । भु॒र॒णौ॒ । अ॒जी॒ग॒रिति॑ । यस्य॑ । इत् । इन्द्रः॑ । पु॒रु॒ऽदिने॑षु । होता॑ । नृ॒णाम् । नर्यः॑ । नृऽत॑मः । क्ष॒पाऽवा॑न् ॥
वने । न । वा । यः । नि । अधायि । चाकन् । शुचिः । वाम् । स्तोमः । भुरणौ । अजीगरिति । यस्य । इत् । इन्द्रः । पुरुदिनेषु । होता । नृणाम् । नर्यः । नृतमः । क्षपावान् ॥
vane | na | vā | yaḥ | ni | adhāyi | cākan | śuciḥ | vām | stomaḥ | bhuraṇau | ajīgariti | yasya | it | indraḥ | puru-dineṣu | hotā | nṛṇām | naryaḥ | nṛ-tamaḥ | kṣapāvān

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.29.1 English analysis of grammar]

vane < vana

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

[adverb]

“or; optionally; either.”

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

ny < ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

adhāyi < dhā

[verb], singular, Aorist passive

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

cākañ < cākan < kan

[verb], singular, Plusquamperfect

“like; delight; desire.”

chucir < śuciḥ < śuci

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“clean; clean; pure; bright; clear; honest; śuci [word]; clear; impeccant.”

vāṃ < vām < tvad

[noun], accusative, dual

“you.”

stomo < stomaḥ < stoma

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”

bhuraṇāv < bhuraṇau < bhuraṇa

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

ajīgaḥ < jāgṛ

[verb], singular, Redupl. Aorist (Ind.)

“wake; watch; awaken; wake up; oversee.”

yasyed < yasya < yad

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

yasyed < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

purudineṣu < puru

[noun]

“many; much(a); very.”

purudineṣu < dineṣu < dina

[noun], locative, plural, neuter

“day; day; day of the week; one.”

hotā < hotṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Hotṛ.”

nṛṇāṃ < nṛṇām < nṛ

[noun], genitive, plural

“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

naryo < naryaḥ < narya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“manly; heroic; powerful; male; human.”

nṛtamaḥ < nṛtama

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

kṣapāvān < kṣapāvant

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“ruler.”

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