Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.28.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

क॒था त॑ ए॒तद॒हमा चि॑केतं॒ गृत्स॑स्य॒ पाक॑स्त॒वसो॑ मनी॒षाम् । त्वं नो॑ वि॒द्वाँ ऋ॑तु॒था वि वो॑चो॒ यमर्धं॑ ते मघवन्क्षे॒म्या धूः ॥
कथा त एतदहमा चिकेतं गृत्सस्य पाकस्तवसो मनीषाम् । त्वं नो विद्वाँ ऋतुथा वि वोचो यमर्धं ते मघवन्क्षेम्या धूः ॥
kathā ta etad aham ā ciketaṃ gṛtsasya pākas tavaso manīṣām | tvaṃ no vidvām̐ ṛtuthā vi voco yam ardhaṃ te maghavan kṣemyā dhūḥ ||

English translation:

“How, Indra, should I yet immature (in understanding), be capable of comprehending this (your power,so as to render fitting) praise to those who are wise and powerful? Therefore, do you who are all-knowinginstruct us in fit season; the portion of your (praise) O Maghavan, which (we offer) is a burden easy to be bornṣ”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Instrumental uct us: Since we cannot perform even a portion of your power without an effort on account of our slownessof mind, do you again tel us your power and the way to praise you

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): indravasukrayoḥ saṃvāda aindraḥ [indravasukrayoḥ saṃvāda aindra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

क॒था । ते॒ । ए॒तत् । अ॒हम् । आ । चि॒के॒त॒म् । गृत्स॑स्य । पाकः॑ । त॒वसः॑ । म॒नी॒षाम् । त्वम् । नः॒ । वि॒द्वान् । ऋ॒तु॒ऽथा । वि । वो॒चः॒ । यम् । अर्ध॑म् । ते॒ । म॒घ॒ऽव॒न् । क्षे॒म्या । धूः ॥
कथा । ते । एतत् । अहम् । आ । चिकेतम् । गृत्सस्य । पाकः । तवसः । मनीषाम् । त्वम् । नः । विद्वान् । ऋतुथा । वि । वोचः । यम् । अर्धम् । ते । मघवन् । क्षेम्या । धूः ॥
kathā | te | etat | aham | ā | ciketam | gṛtsasya | pākaḥ | tavasaḥ | manīṣām | tvam | naḥ | vidvān | ṛtu-thā | vi | vocaḥ | yam | ardham | te | magha-van | kṣemyā | dhūḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.28.5 English analysis of grammar]

kathā

[adverb]

“how.”

ta < te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

etad < etat < etad

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

aham < mad

[noun], nominative, singular

“I; mine.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

ciketaṃ < ciketam < cit

[verb], singular, Plusquamperfect

“notice; observe; attend to; intend.”

gṛtsasya < gṛtsa

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“apt; deft.”

pākas < pākaḥ < pāka

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“ignorant; childlike; honest.”

tavaso < tavasaḥ < tavas

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“strong; energetic.”

manīṣām < manīṣā

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“hymn; inspiration; idea; thinking; wish; consideration; intelligence.”

tvaṃ < tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], dative, plural

“I; mine.”

vidvāṃ < vid

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”

ṛtuthā

[adverb]

“seasonably.”

vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

voco < vocaḥ < vac

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“say; describe; name; tell; address; enumerate; call; state; teach; explain; say; declare; speak; define; declare; order; address; recommend; answer; deem; recite; approve; proclaim; indicate; determine; mention; designate.”

yam < yad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

ardhaṃ < ardham < ardha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“one-half; ardha [word].”

te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

maghavan

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; maghavan [word].”

kṣemyā < kṣemya

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

dhūḥ < dhū

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

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