Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.23.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यो वा॒चा विवा॑चो मृ॒ध्रवा॑चः पु॒रू स॒हस्राशि॑वा ज॒घान॑ । तत्त॒दिद॑स्य॒ पौंस्यं॑ गृणीमसि पि॒तेव॒ यस्तवि॑षीं वावृ॒धे शव॑: ॥
यो वाचा विवाचो मृध्रवाचः पुरू सहस्राशिवा जघान । तत्तदिदस्य पौंस्यं गृणीमसि पितेव यस्तविषीं वावृधे शवः ॥
yo vācā vivāco mṛdhravācaḥ purū sahasrāśivā jaghāna | tat-tad id asya pauṃsyaṃ gṛṇīmasi piteva yas taviṣīṃ vāvṛdhe śavaḥ ||

English translation:

“We praise his manhood, who, having by his voice alone made the many- tongued speechless has slainmany thousand enemies, who supports the strength (of the world) as a father the strength (of his son).”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vimada aindraḥ prājāpatyo vā vasukṛdvā vāsukraḥ [vimada aindra prājāpatya vā vasukṛdvā vāsukra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यः । वा॒चा । विऽवा॑चः । मृ॒ध्रऽवा॑चः । पु॒रु । स॒हस्रा॑ । असि॑वा । ज॒घान॑ । तत्ऽत॑त् । इत् । अ॒स्य॒ । पौंस्य॑म् । गृ॒णी॒म॒सि॒ । पि॒ताऽइ॑व । यः । तवि॑षीम् । व॒वृ॒धे । शवः॑ ॥
यः । वाचा । विवाचः । मृध्रवाचः । पुरु । सहस्रा । असिवा । जघान । तत्तत् । इत् । अस्य । पौंस्यम् । गृणीमसि । पिताइव । यः । तविषीम् । ववृधे । शवः ॥
yaḥ | vācā | vi-vācaḥ | mṛdhra-vācaḥ | puru | sahasrā | asivā | jaghāna | tat-tat | it | asya | paiṃsyam | gṛṇīmasi | pitāiva | yaḥ | taviṣīm | vavṛdhe | śavaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.23.5 English analysis of grammar]

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

vācā < vāc

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“speech; statement; voice; voice; speech; language; vāc [word]; word; literary composition; conversation; sound; Sarasvati; cry; assurance; spell.”

vivāco < vivācaḥ < vivāc

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“arguing.”

mṛdhravācaḥ < mṛdhravāc

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“abusive.”

purū < puru

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“many; much(a); very.”

sahasrāśivā < sahasrā < sahasra

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”

sahasrāśivā < aśivā < aśiva

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“inauspicious; unkind; unfriendly; cruel; dangerous.”

jaghāna < han

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”

tat < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

tad < tat < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

asya < idam

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

pauṃsyaṃ < pauṃsyam < pauṃsya

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“manfulness; deed; army; strength.”

gṛṇīmasi < gṛ

[verb], plural, Present optative

“praise.”

piteva < pitā < pitṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”

piteva < iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

yas < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

taviṣīṃ < taviṣīm < taviṣī

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“strength; power.”

vāvṛdhe < vṛdh

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

śavaḥ < śavas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“strength; power; superiority.”

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