Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.21.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वे ध॒र्माण॑ आसते जु॒हूभि॑: सिञ्च॒तीरि॑व । कृ॒ष्णा रू॒पाण्यर्जु॑ना॒ वि वो॒ मदे॒ विश्वा॒ अधि॒ श्रियो॑ धिषे॒ विव॑क्षसे ॥
त्वे धर्माण आसते जुहूभिः सिञ्चतीरिव । कृष्णा रूपाण्यर्जुना वि वो मदे विश्वा अधि श्रियो धिषे विवक्षसे ॥
tve dharmāṇa āsate juhūbhiḥ siñcatīr iva | kṛṣṇā rūpāṇy arjunā vi vo made viśvā adhi śriyo dhiṣe vivakṣase ||
English translation:
“The establishers (of the rite) worship you with their ladles (filled with the oblation), like (earth)sprinkling (showers); you sustain exceedingly black forms and white and all beauties for your exhilaration; youare mighty.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Like earth-sprinkling showers: i.e., showers worship Agni as their pitṛ; or, your rays dwell with youlike oblations spinkled with the ladles; for your exhilaration: vaḥ = viśvedevāḥ
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vimada aindraḥ prājāpatyo vā vasukṛdvā vāsukraḥ [vimada aindra prājāpatya vā vasukṛdvā vāsukra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वे इति॑ । ध॒र्माणः॑ । आ॒स॒ते॒ । जु॒हूभिः॑ । सि॒ञ्च॒तीःऽइ॑व । कृ॒ष्णा । रू॒पाणि॑ । अर्जु॑ना । वि । वः॒ । मदे॑ । विश्वाः॑ । अधि॑ । श्रियः॑ । धि॒षे॒ । विव॑क्षसे ॥
त्वे इति । धर्माणः । आसते । जुहूभिः । सिञ्चतीःइव । कृष्णा । रूपाणि । अर्जुना । वि । वः । मदे । विश्वाः । अधि । श्रियः । धिषे । विवक्षसे ॥
tve iti | dharmāṇaḥ | āsate | juhūbhiḥ | siñcatīḥ-iva | kṛṣṇā | rūpāṇi | arjunā | vi | vaḥ | made | viśvāḥ | adhi | śriyaḥ | dhiṣe | vivakṣase
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.21.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“you.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“sit; stay; sit down; dwell; lie; lie; exist.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“tongue; fire; ladle.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“submerge; sprinkle; pour; wet; decant; impregnate.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“black; dark; dark; blue; black.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“form; appearance; beauty; look; shape; shape; symptom; feature; nature; guise; rūpa [word]; one; appearance; likeness; color; kind; vowel; type; disguise; aspect; form; derivative; omen; vision.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“white; clean; light.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[noun], dative, plural
“you.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“mister; Ms.; Lakshmi; good fortune; well-being; magnificence; glory; beauty; Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa; dignity; power; śrī [word]; śrī; prosperity; auspiciousness.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative