Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.20.9
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कृ॒ष्णः श्वे॒तो॑ऽरु॒षो यामो॑ अस्य ब्र॒ध्न ऋ॒ज्र उ॒त शोणो॒ यश॑स्वान् । हिर॑ण्यरूपं॒ जनि॑ता जजान ॥
कृष्णः श्वेतोऽरुषो यामो अस्य ब्रध्न ऋज्र उत शोणो यशस्वान् । हिरण्यरूपं जनिता जजान ॥
kṛṣṇaḥ śveto 'ruṣo yāmo asya bradhna ṛjra uta śoṇo yaśasvān | hiraṇyarūpaṃ janitā jajāna ||
English translation:
“His chariot is black, white, red, tawny, dark red, crimson, and glorious; the progenitor of all has givenhim a chariot of gold.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
His chariot is black: or, white, brilliant, vast, straight going, red and glorious; that thechariot should be of different colours is because of the exceeding power of Agni
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vimada aindraḥ prājāpatyo vā vasukṛdvā vāsukraḥ [vimada aindra prājāpatya vā vasukṛdvā vāsukra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): anuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कृ॒ष्णः । श्वे॒तः । अ॒रु॒षः । यामः॑ । अ॒स्य॒ । ब्र॒ध्नः । ऋ॒ज्रः । उ॒त । शोणः॑ । यश॑स्वान् । हिर॑ण्यऽरूपम् । जनि॑ता । ज॒जा॒न॒ ॥
कृष्णः । श्वेतः । अरुषः । यामः । अस्य । ब्रध्नः । ऋज्रः । उत । शोणः । यशस्वान् । हिरण्यरूपम् । जनिता । जजान ॥
kṛṣṇaḥ | śvetaḥ | aruṣaḥ | yāmaḥ | asya | bradhnaḥ | ṛjraḥ | uta | śoṇaḥ | yaśasvān | hiraṇya-rūpam | janitā | jajāna
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.20.9 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“black; dark; dark; blue; black.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“white; bright; śveta [word]; bright.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“red; red.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“prahara; watch; travel; path.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“red.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“red; śoṇa [word]; red; purple.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], neuter
“gold; jewelry; hiraṇya [word]; gold.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“form; appearance; beauty; look; shape; shape; symptom; feature; nature; guise; rūpa [word]; one; appearance; likeness; color; kind; vowel; type; disguise; aspect; form; derivative; omen; vision.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“father; janitṛ [word].”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”