Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.20.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒र्यो वि॒शां गा॒तुरे॑ति॒ प्र यदान॑ड्दि॒वो अन्ता॑न् । क॒विर॒भ्रं दीद्या॑नः ॥
अर्यो विशां गातुरेति प्र यदानड्दिवो अन्तान् । कविरभ्रं दीद्यानः ॥
aryo viśāṃ gātur eti pra yad ānaḍ divo antān | kavir abhraṃ dīdyānaḥ ||

English translation:

“The refuge of the people, the mover, who, when he moves, penetrates to the ends of the sky; thesage illumining the firmament.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The refuge of the people: aryo viśām = who is to be gone to or had recourse toby worshipping men; illumining the firmament: when agni moves radiant, then he, the sage, reaches the ends ofheaven and the firmament;

Abhram = that which is characterized by clouds

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vimada aindraḥ prājāpatyo vā vasukṛdvā vāsukraḥ [vimada aindra prājāpatya vā vasukṛdvā vāsukra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒र्यः । वि॒शाम् । गा॒तुः । ए॒ति॒ । प्र । यत् । आन॑ट् । दि॒वः । अन्ता॑न् । क॒विः । अ॒भ्रम् । दीद्या॑नः ॥
अर्यः । विशाम् । गातुः । एति । प्र । यत् । आनट् । दिवः । अन्तान् । कविः । अभ्रम् । दीद्यानः ॥
aryaḥ | viśām | gātuḥ | eti | pra | yat | ānaṭ | divaḥ | antān | kaviḥ | abhram | dīdyānaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.20.4 English analysis of grammar]

aryo < aryaḥ < ari

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

viśāṃ < viśām < viś

[noun], genitive, plural, feminine

“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”

gātur < gātuḥ < gātu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“path; way.”

eti < i

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

ānaḍ < ānaṭ < naś

[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)

“reach; achieve; enter (a state); reach.”

divo < divaḥ < div

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

antān < anta

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“end; last syllable; end; end; boundary; inside; border; death; anta [word]; edge; end; shore; limit; region; outskirt; destruction; boundary; limit; anta; termination; corner; conclusion; hem; end; ant; edge.”

kavir < kaviḥ < kavi

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

abhraṃ < abhram < abhra

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“abhra; cloud; sky; abhra [word]; cumulonimbus; mica; air; cloudiness.”

dīdyānaḥ < dīdī

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“shine; glitter.”

Like what you read? Consider supporting this website: