Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.20.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒ग्निमी॑ळे भु॒जां यवि॑ष्ठं शा॒सा मि॒त्रं दु॒र्धरी॑तुम् । यस्य॒ धर्म॒न्त्स्व१॒॑रेनी॑: सप॒र्यन्ति॑ मा॒तुरूध॑: ॥
अग्निमीळे भुजां यविष्ठं शासा मित्रं दुर्धरीतुम् । यस्य धर्मन्त्स्वरेनीः सपर्यन्ति मातुरूधः ॥
agnim īḻe bhujāṃ yaviṣṭhaṃ śāsā mitraṃ durdharītum | yasya dharman svar enīḥ saparyanti mātur ūdhaḥ ||
English translation:
“I glorify Agni, the youngest of the feeders (on oblations), friendly in counsel, difficult to resist, at whoserite the oblations seek heaven, as (calves) the udder of the mother cow.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Friendly in counsel: i.e., the friend of allbecause he instrumental ucts every man what to do and what not to do
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vimada aindraḥ prājāpatyo vā vasukṛdvā vāsukraḥ [vimada aindra prājāpatya vā vasukṛdvā vāsukra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): anuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒ग्निम् । ई॒ळे॒ । भु॒जाम् । यवि॑ष्ठम् । शा॒सा । मि॒त्रम् । दुः॒ऽधरी॑तुम् । यस्य॑ । धर्म॑न् । स्वः॑ । एनीः॑ । स॒प॒र्यन्ति॑ । मा॒तुः । ऊधः॑ ॥
अग्निम् । ईळे । भुजाम् । यविष्ठम् । शासा । मित्रम् । दुःधरीतुम् । यस्य । धर्मन् । स्वः । एनीः । सपर्यन्ति । मातुः । ऊधः ॥
agnim | īḷe | bhujām | yaviṣṭham | śāsā | mitram | duḥ-dharītum | yasya | dharman | svaḥ | enīḥ | saparyanti | mātuḥ | ūdhaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.20.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“praise; invite; raise.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“bhuj; enjoyer.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“youngest.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“śās; command; ruler; commander.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“regulation; Dharma; law; property.”
[adverb]
“sun; sky; sunlight.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“worship.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“udder; ūdhas [word]; night.”