Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Rig Veda 10.18.11
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उच्छ्व॑ञ्चस्व पृथिवि॒ मा नि बा॑धथाः सूपाय॒नास्मै॑ भव सूपवञ्च॒ना । मा॒ता पु॒त्रं यथा॑ सि॒चाभ्ये॑नं भूम ऊर्णुहि ॥
उच्छ्वञ्चस्व पृथिवि मा नि बाधथाः सूपायनास्मै भव सूपवञ्चना । माता पुत्रं यथा सिचाभ्येनं भूम ऊर्णुहि ॥
uc chvañcasva pṛthivi mā ni bādhathāḥ sūpāyanāsmai bhava sūpavañcanā | mātā putraṃ yathā sicābhy enam bhūma ūrṇuhi ||
English translation:
“Earth, rise up above him; oppress him not; be attentive to him (and) comfortable; cover him up, earth,as a mother covers her child with the skirt of her garment.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Earth, rise up above him: i.e., so as to give himbreathing room; while reciting this verse, dust is to be scattered over the grave;
Comfortable: sūpavañcanā =deceiving well; treat him kindly for the sake of the sacrifice; fondle him, lull him to rest; supratiṣṭhā bhava = be
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): saṅkusuko yāmāyanaḥ [saṅkusuka yāmāyana];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pitṛmedhaḥ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛtpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उत् । श्व॒ञ्च॒स्व॒ । पृ॒थि॒वि॒ । मा । नि । बा॒ध॒थाः॒ । सु॒ऽउ॒पा॒य॒ना । अ॒स्मै॒ । भ॒व॒ । सु॒ऽउ॒प॒व॒ञ्च॒ना । मा॒ता । पु॒त्रम् । यथा॑ । सि॒चा । अ॒भि । ए॒न॒म् । भू॒मे॒ । ऊ॒र्णु॒हि॒ ॥
उत् । श्वञ्चस्व । पृथिवि । मा । नि । बाधथाः । सुउपायना । अस्मै । भव । सुउपवञ्चना । माता । पुत्रम् । यथा । सिचा । अभि । एनम् । भूमे । ऊर्णुहि ॥
ut | śvañcasva | pṛthivi | mā | ni | bādhathāḥ | su-upāyanā | asmai | bhava | su-upavañcanā | mātā | putram | yathā | sicā | abhi | enam | bhūme | ūrṇuhi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.18.11 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], singular, Present imperative
[noun], vocative, singular, feminine
“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”
[adverb]
“not.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“afflict; annoy; chase away; tease; grieve; irritate.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“gift; offering; bribe; engagement; approach.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“son; putra [word]; male child; Putra; Bodhisattva.”
[adverb]
“equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.).”
[noun], vocative, singular, feminine
“floor; earth; Earth; real property; region; pṛthivī; location; Earth; place; bhūja; floor; pit; bhūmi [word]; one; hole; shop; distance; country; space; land; territory; topographic point.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”