Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.18.10

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उप॑ सर्प मा॒तरं॒ भूमि॑मे॒तामु॑रु॒व्यच॑सं पृथि॒वीं सु॒शेवा॑म् । ऊर्ण॑म्रदा युव॒तिर्दक्षि॑णावत ए॒षा त्वा॑ पातु॒ निॠ॑तेरु॒पस्था॑त् ॥
उप सर्प मातरं भूमिमेतामुरुव्यचसं पृथिवीं सुशेवाम् । ऊर्णम्रदा युवतिर्दक्षिणावत एषा त्वा पातु निॠतेरुपस्थात् ॥
upa sarpa mātaram bhūmim etām uruvyacasam pṛthivīṃ suśevām | ūrṇamradā yuvatir dakṣiṇāvata eṣā tvā pātu nirṛter upasthāt ||

English translation:

“Go to this your mother-earth, the wide-spread, delightful earth; this virgin (earth is) as soft as wool, tothe liberal (worshipper) may she protect you from the proximity of Nirṛti.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The ṛcas from 10 to 13 are to berepeated at the death of a dīkṣita (initiated person n), and cites Āśvalāyana Gṛhya Sūtra 6.10, 4.5; on therepetition of verse 10, the bones which have been collected are to be plural ced in the grave

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): saṅkusuko yāmāyanaḥ [saṅkusuka yāmāyana];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pitṛmedhaḥ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उप॑ । स॒र्प॒ । मा॒तर॑म् । भूमि॑म् । ए॒ताम् । उ॒रु॒ऽव्यच॑सम् । पृ॒थि॒वीम् । सु॒ऽशेवा॑म् । ऊर्ण॑ऽम्रदाः । यु॒व॒तिः । दक्षि॑णाऽवते । ए॒षा । त्वा॒ । पा॒तु॒ । निःऽऋ॑तेः । उ॒पऽस्था॑त् ॥
उप । सर्प । मातरम् । भूमिम् । एताम् । उरुव्यचसम् । पृथिवीम् । सुशेवाम् । ऊर्णम्रदाः । युवतिः । दक्षिणावते । एषा । त्वा । पातु । निःऋतेः । उपस्थात् ॥
upa | sarpa | mātaram | bhūmim | etām | uru-vyacasam | pṛthivīm | su-śevām | ūrṇa-mradāḥ | yuvatiḥ | dakṣiṇāvate | eṣā | tvā | pātu | niḥ-ṛteḥ | upa-sthāt

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.18.10 English analysis of grammar]

upa

[adverb]

“towards; on; next.”

sarpa < sṛp

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“crawl; spread; wander.”

mātaram < mātṛ

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”

bhūmim < bhūmi

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“floor; earth; Earth; real property; region; pṛthivī; location; Earth; place; bhūja; floor; pit; bhūmi [word]; one; hole; shop; distance; country; space; land; territory; topographic point.”

etām < etad

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

uruvyacasam < uru

[noun]

“wide; broad; great; uru [word]; much(a); excellent.”

uruvyacasam < vyacasam < vyacas

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“area; capacity.”

pṛthivīṃ < pṛthivīm < pṛthivī

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”

suśevām < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

suśevām < śevām < śeva

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“friendly; favorable; dear.”

ūrṇamradā < ūrṇamrada

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

yuvatir < yuvatiḥ < yuvati

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“girl; woman.”

dakṣiṇāvata < dakṣiṇāvate < dakṣiṇāvat

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

eṣā < etad

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

pātu <

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“protect; govern.”

nirṛter < nirṛteḥ < nirṛti

[noun], genitive, singular, feminine

“destruction; Nirṛti; adversity.”

upasthāt < upastha

[noun], ablative, singular, neuter

“genitalia; lap; sexual desire; anus.”

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