Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.18.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इ॒मं जी॒वेभ्य॑: परि॒धिं द॑धामि॒ मैषां॒ नु गा॒दप॑रो॒ अर्थ॑मे॒तम् । श॒तं जी॑वन्तु श॒रद॑: पुरू॒चीर॒न्तर्मृ॒त्युं द॑धतां॒ पर्व॑तेन ॥
इमं जीवेभ्यः परिधिं दधामि मैषां नु गादपरो अर्थमेतम् । शतं जीवन्तु शरदः पुरूचीरन्तर्मृत्युं दधतां पर्वतेन ॥
imaṃ jīvebhyaḥ paridhiṃ dadhāmi maiṣāṃ nu gād aparo artham etam | śataṃ jīvantu śaradaḥ purūcīr antar mṛtyuṃ dadhatām parvatena ||
English translation:
“I erect this circle (of stones) for (the protection of) the living, that none other of them may approach thislimit; may they live a hundred years, occupied by many holy works, and keep death hidden by this mound.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
I erectthis circle of stones: after the burning of the body, the Adhvaryu is to raise a bank or lump or earth betwen thevillage where the deceased lived and the cemetery, as a rampart against death (Mahīdhara, Yajus. 35.15);
Paridhi = a stone rampart (pāṣāṇam)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): saṅkusuko yāmāyanaḥ [saṅkusuka yāmāyana];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): mṛtyu ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इ॒मम् । जी॒वेभ्यः॑ । प॒रि॒ऽधिम् । दा॒धा॒मि॒ । मा । ए॒षा॒म् । नु । गा॒त् । अप॑रः । अर्थ॑म् । ए॒तम् । श॒तम् । जी॒व॒न्तु॒ । श॒रदः॑ । पु॒रू॒चीः । अ॒न्तः । मृ॒त्युम् । द॒ध॒ता॒म् । पर्व॑तेन ॥
इमम् । जीवेभ्यः । परिधिम् । दाधामि । मा । एषाम् । नु । गात् । अपरः । अर्थम् । एतम् । शतम् । जीवन्तु । शरदः । पुरूचीः । अन्तः । मृत्युम् । दधताम् । पर्वतेन ॥
imam | jīvebhyaḥ | pari-dhim | dādhāmi | mā | eṣām | nu | gāt | aparaḥ | artham | etam | śatam | jīvantu | śaradaḥ | purūcīḥ | antaḥ | mṛtyum | dadhatām | parvatena
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.18.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], dative, plural, masculine
“live; alive(p); amṛta.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“covering; circumference; Paridhi; halo; fence.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[adverb]
“not.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[adverb]
“now; already.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“go; enter (a state); arrive.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“other; another(a); following; western; future; apara [word]; elder; remaining; some(a); later(a); back(a).”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“for; meaning; purpose; sense; wealth; object of sense; matter; aim; money; message; object; artha [word]; wealth; function; content; topic; property; situation; reason; affair; concern; reason; enterprise; reason; cause; five; application; application.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“hundred; one-hundredth; śata [word].”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“survive; be; exist; live on; dwell.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“fall; year; śarad [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
[adverb]
“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“death; Yama; māraṇa; Mṛtyu.”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“mountain; Parvata; parvata [word]; Parvata; Parvata; rock; height.”