Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.14.9

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अपे॑त॒ वी॑त॒ वि च॑ सर्प॒तातो॒ऽस्मा ए॒तं पि॒तरो॑ लो॒कम॑क्रन् । अहो॑भिर॒द्भिर॒क्तुभि॒र्व्य॑क्तं य॒मो द॑दात्यव॒सान॑मस्मै ॥
अपेत वीत वि च सर्पतातोऽस्मा एतं पितरो लोकमक्रन् । अहोभिरद्भिरक्तुभिर्व्यक्तं यमो ददात्यवसानमस्मै ॥
apeta vīta vi ca sarpatāto 'smā etam pitaro lokam akran | ahobhir adbhir aktubhir vyaktaṃ yamo dadāty avasānam asmai ||

English translation:

“Depart from hence, begone, go far off, (evil spirits); the Pitṛs have assigned this plural ce to him, yamahas given him a plural ce of cremation consecrated by days, streams and nights. To him-- (the departedworshipper].”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): yamaḥ [yama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): liṅgoktāḥ pitaro vā ;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अप॑ । इ॒त॒ । वि । इ॒त॒ । वि । च॒ । स॒र्प॒त॒ । अतः॑ । अ॒स्मै । ए॒तम् । पि॒तरः॑ । लो॒कम् । अ॒क्र॒न् । अहः॑ऽभिः । अ॒त्ऽभिः । अ॒क्तुऽभिः॑ । विऽअ॑क्तम् । य॒मः । द॒दा॒ति॒ । अ॒व॒ऽसान॑म् । अ॒स्मै॒ ॥
अप । इत । वि । इत । वि । च । सर्पत । अतः । अस्मै । एतम् । पितरः । लोकम् । अक्रन् । अहःभिः । अत्भिः । अक्तुभिः । विअक्तम् । यमः । ददाति । अवसानम् । अस्मै ॥
apa | ita | vi | ita | vi | ca | sarpata | ataḥ | asmai | etam | pitaraḥ | lokam | akran | ahaḥ-bhiḥ | at-bhiḥ | aktu-bhiḥ | vi-aktam | yamaḥ | dadāti | ava-sānam | asmai

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.14.9 English analysis of grammar]

apeta < ape < √i

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“disappear; leave; deviate; want; dislodge.”

vīta < < √i

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“disappear; differ; elapse.”

vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

sarpatāto < sarpata < sṛp

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“crawl; spread; wander.”

sarpatāto < atas

[adverb]

“now; therefore; then; from there; hence; consequently; then; hence; henceforth.”

'smā < asmai < idam

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

etam < etad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

pitaro < pitaraḥ < pitṛ

[noun], nominative, plural

“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”

lokam < loka

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Loka; Earth; world; vernacular; people; room; world; Earth; loka [word]; space; Loka; topographic point; region; common sense.”

akran < kṛ

[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

ahobhir < ahobhiḥ < ahar

[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter

“day; day; ahar [word]; day; day.”

adbhir < adbhiḥ < ap

[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter

“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

aktubhir < aktubhiḥ < aktu

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“night; dark; beam.”

vyaktaṃ < vyaktam < vyañj < √añj

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“decorate; fan; anoint.”

yamo < yamaḥ < yama

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Yama; yama; twin; yam; Yama; two; bridle; yama [word]; Asvins.”

dadāty < dadāti <

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”

avasānam < avasāna

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“termination; Avasāna; end; end; residence.”

asmai < idam

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

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