Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.13.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
दे॒वेभ्य॒: कम॑वृणीत मृ॒त्युं प्र॒जायै॒ कम॒मृतं॒ नावृ॑णीत । बृह॒स्पतिं॑ य॒ज्ञम॑कृण्वत॒ ऋषिं॑ प्रि॒यां य॒मस्त॒न्वं१॒॑ प्रारि॑रेचीत् ॥
देवेभ्यः कमवृणीत मृत्युं प्रजायै कममृतं नावृणीत । बृहस्पतिं यज्ञमकृण्वत ऋषिं प्रियां यमस्तन्वं प्रारिरेचीत् ॥
devebhyaḥ kam avṛṇīta mṛtyum prajāyai kam amṛtaṃ nāvṛṇīta | bṛhaspatiṃ yajñam akṛṇvata ṛṣim priyāṃ yamas tanvam prārirecīt ||
English translation:
“Whom has he selected as the slayer of the gods? Whom has he not selected as non-slayer of theabove mentioned are necessarily present while the business of the bringing of the oblation is in progress, yamadoes not send any of hie men as the destroyer. Another translation: What death did he choose for the gods, whatimmortality did he not choose for men? i.e., Yama ordained that gods should not die, and that men should receiveimmortality; Yama preserves our loved bodies: prārirecit = takes away (from death), mṛtyoḥ saka- śātpariharati; 'ric' is here used in the sense of taking away; the meaning is: he does not take our life away as aconsequence of a fault arising from a defect in our worship].”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vivasvānādityaḥ [vivasvānāditya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): havirdhāne ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
दे॒वेभ्यः॑ । कम् । अ॒वृ॒णी॒त॒ । मृ॒त्युम् । प्र॒ऽजायै॑ । कम् । अ॒मृत॑म् । न । अ॒वृ॒णी॒त॒ । बृह॒स्पति॑म् । य॒ज्ञम् । अ॒कृ॒ण्व॒त॒ । ऋषि॑म् । प्रि॒याम् । य॒मः । त॒न्व॑म् । प्र । अ॒रि॒रे॒ची॒त् ॥
देवेभ्यः । कम् । अवृणीत । मृत्युम् । प्रजायै । कम् । अमृतम् । न । अवृणीत । बृहस्पतिम् । यज्ञम् । अकृण्वत । ऋषिम् । प्रियाम् । यमः । तन्वम् । प्र । अरिरेचीत् ॥
devebhyaḥ | kam | avṛṇīta | mṛtyum | pra-jāyai | kam | amṛtam | na | avṛṇīta | bṛhaspatim | yajñam | akṛṇvata | ṛṣim | priyām | yamaḥ | tanvam | pra | arirecīt
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.13.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], dative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[adverb]
“kaṃ [word].”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“choose; ask.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“death; Yama; māraṇa; Mṛtyu.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“people; offspring; being; national; man; prajā [word]; creature; child; descendants; population; race; animal.”
[adverb]
“kaṃ [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“amṛta; immortality; vatsanābha; ambrosia; mercury; medicine; vighasa; calcium hydroxide.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“choose; ask.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Brihaspati; Jupiter; Bṛhaspati.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Ṛṣi; spiritual teacher; ascetic; Mantra.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Yama; yama; twin; yam; Yama; two; bridle; yama [word]; Asvins.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“body; self; own(a); person; form.”
[verb], singular, Plusquamperfect
“propagate.”