Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.10.11
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
किं भ्राता॑स॒द्यद॑ना॒थं भवा॑ति॒ किमु॒ स्वसा॒ यन्निॠ॑तिर्नि॒गच्छा॑त् । काम॑मूता ब॒ह्वे॒३॒॑तद्र॑पामि त॒न्वा॑ मे त॒न्वं१॒॑ सं पि॑पृग्धि ॥
किं भ्रातासद्यदनाथं भवाति किमु स्वसा यन्निॠतिर्निगच्छात् । काममूता बह्वेतद्रपामि तन्वा मे तन्वं सं पिपृग्धि ॥
kim bhrātāsad yad anātham bhavāti kim u svasā yan nirṛtir nigacchāt | kāmamūtā bahv etad rapāmi tanvā me tanvaṃ sam pipṛgdhi ||
English translation:
“(Yami speaks). Is he a brother whose sister has no lord? Is she a sister (whose brother) misfortuneapproaches? Overcome by desire, I strongly urge this one request; unite your person n with mine.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Misfortune:decay; Nirṛti is a person nification. The meaning is, a true brother will not let his sister lack a husband, and a truesister will not let her brother lack a wife
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): yamī vaivasvatī;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): yamo vaivasvataḥ ;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
किम् । भ्राता॑ । अ॒स॒त् । यत् । अ॒ना॒थम् । भवा॑ति । किम् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । स्वसा॑ । यत् । निःऽऋ॑तिः । नि॒ऽगच्छा॑त् । काम॑ऽमूता । ब॒हु । ए॒तत् । र॒पा॒मि॒ । त॒न्वा॑ । मे॒ । त॒न्व॑म् । सम् । पि॒पृ॒ग्धि॒ ॥
किम् । भ्राता । असत् । यत् । अनाथम् । भवाति । किम् । ऊँ इति । स्वसा । यत् । निःऋतिः । निगच्छात् । काममूता । बहु । एतत् । रपामि । तन्वा । मे । तन्वम् । सम् । पिपृग्धि ॥
kim | bhrātā | asat | yat | anātham | bhavāti | kim | oṃ iti | svasā | yat | niḥ-ṛtiḥ | ni-gacchāt | kāma-mūtā | bahu | etat | rapāmi | tanvā | me | tanvam | sam | pipṛgdhi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.10.11 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“brother; bhrātṛ; relative.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“helpless; lordless; widowed.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“sister; svasṛ [word].”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“destruction; Nirṛti; adversity.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“love.”
[noun], masculine
“wish; desire; sexual love; sexual desire; desire; Kama; sensuality; love; purpose; sexual arousal; pleasure; enjoyment; licentiousness; kāma [word]; sexual intercourse; thorn apple; wish.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“many; much(a); bahu [word]; abundant; long; large; abounding in(p); perennial.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“whisper.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“body; embodiment; life; life; root; body; form.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“I; mine.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“body; self; own(a); person; form.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“mix; unite.”