Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.10.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ओ चि॒त्सखा॑यं स॒ख्या व॑वृत्यां ति॒रः पु॒रू चि॑दर्ण॒वं ज॑ग॒न्वान् । पि॒तुर्नपा॑त॒मा द॑धीत वे॒धा अधि॒ क्षमि॑ प्रत॒रं दीध्या॑नः ॥
ओ चित्सखायं सख्या ववृत्यां तिरः पुरू चिदर्णवं जगन्वान् । पितुर्नपातमा दधीत वेधा अधि क्षमि प्रतरं दीध्यानः ॥
o cit sakhāyaṃ sakhyā vavṛtyāṃ tiraḥ purū cid arṇavaṃ jaganvān | pitur napātam ā dadhīta vedhā adhi kṣami prataraṃ dīdhyānaḥ ||
English translation:
“(Yami speaks). I invite my friend to friendship, having come over the vast and desert ocean; mayVedhas, after reflecting, plural ce in the earth the offsprig (of you) the father, edowed with excellent qualities.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Plural ceiṇ..qualities: may Prajāpati bestow offspring for the sake of you becoming the father of a son to be born to us;adhi kṣami (upon the earth) = in my womb
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): yamī vaivasvatī;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): yamo vaivasvataḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ओ इति॑ । चि॒त् । सखा॑यम् । स॒ख्या । व॒वृ॒त्या॒म् । ति॒रः । पु॒रु । चि॒त् । अ॒र्ण॒वम् । ज॒ग॒न्वान् । पि॒तुः । नपा॑तम् । आ । द॒धी॒त॒ । वे॒धाः । अधि॑ । क्षमि॑ । प्र॒ऽत॒रम् । दीध्या॑नः ॥
ओ इति । चित् । सखायम् । सख्या । ववृत्याम् । तिरः । पुरु । चित् । अर्णवम् । जगन्वान् । पितुः । नपातम् । आ । दधीत । वेधाः । अधि । क्षमि । प्रतरम् । दीध्यानः ॥
o iti | cit | sakhāyam | sakhyā | vavṛtyām | tiraḥ | puru | cit | arṇavam | jaganvān | pituḥ | napātam | ā | dadhīta | vedhāḥ | adhi | kṣami | pra-taram | dīdhyānaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.10.1 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“friendship; aid; company.”
[verb], singular, Perfect optative
“behave; happen; exist; return; dwell; die; roll; continue; act; exist; feed on; issue; move; travel; proceed; turn; situate; drive; account for; begin; do; inhere; revolve.”
[adverb]
“tiras [word]; away; secretly.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“many; much(a); very.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“ocean; sea; four.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“grandson; nephew; napāt [word].”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Present optative
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Brahma; creator; believer [worshipper]; Vishnu.”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
“Earth; heaven and earth.”
[adverb]
“farther.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“think; desire; chew over.”