Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.5.7
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अस॑च्च॒ सच्च॑ पर॒मे व्यो॑म॒न्दक्ष॑स्य॒ जन्म॒न्नदि॑तेरु॒पस्थे॑ । अ॒ग्निर्ह॑ नः प्रथम॒जा ऋ॒तस्य॒ पूर्व॒ आयु॑नि वृष॒भश्च॑ धे॒नुः ॥
असच्च सच्च परमे व्योमन्दक्षस्य जन्मन्नदितेरुपस्थे । अग्निर्ह नः प्रथमजा ऋतस्य पूर्व आयुनि वृषभश्च धेनुः ॥
asac ca sac ca parame vyoman dakṣasya janmann aditer upasthe | agnir ha naḥ prathamajā ṛtasya pūrva āyuni vṛṣabhaś ca dhenuḥ ||
English translation:
“Non-existent, and existent (is Agni) in the supreme heaven, in the birth-plural ce of Dakṣa, and in thepresence of Aditi; Agni is elder born to us (who enjoy the fruit) of the sacrifice; in the olden time he was the bulland the cow.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Non-existent and existent: asacca sacca, both unevolved and evolved, identifying Agni with the firstcause and first effect, with a reference to such texts as asad eva idam agra āsit (Chāndogya Upaniṣad3.19.1), the non-existent (or unevolved) was verily before this (Creation); in the birth-plural ce of Dakṣa: dakṣasyajanman, in the birth of Dakṣa, i.e., Prajāpati, the creator; Dakṣa may be the sun: he divided himself into three,one-third was the wind: Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 10.6.5.3;
Aditi = the earth; he was the bull and the cow: he isboth male and feminine le; Agni is identified with all things
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): tritaḥ [trita];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अस॑त् । च॒ । स॒त् । च॒ । प॒र॒मे । विऽओ॑मन् । दक्ष॑स्य । जन्म॑न् । अदि॑तेः । उ॒पऽस्थे॑ । अ॒ग्निः । ह॒ । नः॒ । प्र॒थ॒म॒ऽजाः । ऋ॒तस्य॑ । पूर्वे॑ । आयु॑नि । वृ॒ष॒भः । च॒ । धे॒नुः ॥
असत् । च । सत् । च । परमे । विओमन् । दक्षस्य । जन्मन् । अदितेः । उपस्थे । अग्निः । ह । नः । प्रथमजाः । ऋतस्य । पूर्वे । आयुनि । वृषभः । च । धेनुः ॥
asat | ca | sat | ca | parame | vi-oman | dakṣasya | janman | aditeḥ | upa-sthe | agniḥ | ha | naḥ | prathama-jāḥ | ṛtasya | pūrve | āyuni | vṛṣabhaḥ | ca | dhenuḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.5.7 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“nonexistent; bad; wrong; wrong; asat [prefix]; dissident; fake.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“extreme; best; excellent; highest; highest; devoted(p); maximal; distant; parama [word]; very; farthermost.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“abhra; sky; ākāśa; Svarga; Vyoman.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Dakṣa; ability; cock; fitness; will; purpose; disposition; cock.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“birth; reincarnation; lineage; origin; race; metempsychosis; parentage; descent; appearance; age; birthplace; beginning; being.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“Aditi; aditi [word].”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“genitalia; lap; sexual desire; anus.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun]
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“born.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“aforesaid(a); antecedent; previous(a); first; eastern; former(a); pūrva [word]; age-old; anterior; bygone; fore(a); predictive; firstborn; easterly; instrumental.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“life; life; age.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“cow; dhenu [word]; milk.”