Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.5.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स॒प्त स्वसॄ॒ररु॑षीर्वावशा॒नो वि॒द्वान्मध्व॒ उज्ज॑भारा दृ॒शे कम् । अ॒न्तर्ये॑मे अ॒न्तरि॑क्षे पुरा॒जा इ॒च्छन्व॒व्रिम॑विदत्पूष॒णस्य॑ ॥
सप्त स्वसॄररुषीर्वावशानो विद्वान्मध्व उज्जभारा दृशे कम् । अन्तर्येमे अन्तरिक्षे पुराजा इच्छन्वव्रिमविदत्पूषणस्य ॥
sapta svasṝr aruṣīr vāvaśāno vidvān madhva uj jabhārā dṛśe kam | antar yeme antarikṣe purājā icchan vavrim avidat pūṣaṇasya ||

English translation:

“The wise Agni glorified (by his worshippers) has from the sacrifice raised aloft, for the readymanifestation of (all things), the seven radiant sister (flames); which when formerly engendered he restrained inthe firmament, until desirous of (adorers) he bestowed form upon the region of the earth.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

From the sacrifice:madhvaḥ = yajñāt; or, samudrodakāt; which wheṇ..earth: this line may refer to Agni, as the sun, drawing uphis seven rays from the ocean, and then as lightning in the firmament giving rain to the earth

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): tritaḥ [trita];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स॒प्त । स्वसॄः॑ । अरु॑षीः । वा॒व॒शा॒नः । वि॒द्वान् । मध्वः॑ । उत् । ज॒भा॒र॒ । दृ॒शे । कम् । अ॒न्तः । ये॒मे॒ । अ॒न्तरि॑क्षे । पु॒रा॒ऽजाः । इ॒च्छन् । व॒व्रिम् । अ॒वि॒द॒त् । पू॒ष॒णस्य॑ ॥
सप्त । स्वसॄः । अरुषीः । वावशानः । विद्वान् । मध्वः । उत् । जभार । दृशे । कम् । अन्तः । येमे । अन्तरिक्षे । पुराजाः । इच्छन् । वव्रिम् । अविदत् । पूषणस्य ॥
sapta | svasṛṝḥ | aruṣīḥ | vāvaśānaḥ | vidvān | madhvaḥ | ut | jabhāra | dṛśe | kam | antaḥ | yeme | antarikṣe | purājāḥ | icchan | vavrim | avidat | pūṣaṇasya

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.5.5 English analysis of grammar]

sapta < saptan

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“seven; seventh.”

svasṝr < svasṝḥ < svasṛ

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“sister; svasṛ [word].”

aruṣīr < aruṣīḥ < aruṣa

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“red; red.”

vāvaśāno < vāvaśānaḥ < vaś

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“desire; agree; call; care; like; love.”

vidvān < vid

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”

madhva < madhvaḥ < madhu

[noun], ablative, singular, neuter

“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”

uj < ud

[adverb]

“up.”

jabhārā < bhṛ

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

dṛśe < dṛś

[verb noun]

“see; observe; view; visit; look; learn; meet; read; teach; examine; watch; see; notice; perceive; diagnose; travel to; show; detect; know; know; understand; understand; follow.”

kam < kaṃ

[adverb]

“kaṃ [word].”

antar

[adverb]

“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”

yeme < yam

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”

antarikṣe < antarikṣa

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“sky; atmosphere; air; abhra.”

purājā < purājāḥ < purājā

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

icchan < iṣ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“desire; recommend; approve; seek; call; search; try; prefer; love; commend; assent; permit; choose.”

vavrim < vavri

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“covering; lurking place.”

avidat < vid

[verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)

“find; detect; marry; get; think.”

pūṣaṇasya < pūṣaṇa

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Pushan; sun.”

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