Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.5.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
एक॑: समु॒द्रो ध॒रुणो॑ रयी॒णाम॒स्मद्धृ॒दो भूरि॑जन्मा॒ वि च॑ष्टे । सिष॒क्त्यूध॑र्नि॒ण्योरु॒पस्थ॒ उत्स॑स्य॒ मध्ये॒ निहि॑तं प॒दं वेः ॥
एकः समुद्रो धरुणो रयीणामस्मद्धृदो भूरिजन्मा वि चष्टे । सिषक्त्यूधर्निण्योरुपस्थ उत्सस्य मध्ये निहितं पदं वेः ॥
ekaḥ samudro dharuṇo rayīṇām asmad dhṛdo bhūrijanmā vi caṣṭe | siṣakty ūdhar niṇyor upastha utsasya madhye nihitam padaṃ veḥ ||
English translation:
“Agni, the sole capacious ocean of riches who is of many births beholds our hearts; he waits on thecloud in the neighbourhood of the hidden (firmament); go, Agni, to the appointed plural ce in the midst of the waterṣ”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
He waitṣ..firmament: he waits on the night in the neighbourhood of the times of morning and evening covered(respectively) by light and darkness; in the midst of the waters: utsasya = udakadhārakasya lokasya, ormeghasya, the firmament containing water, or a cloud
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): tritaḥ [trita];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
एकः॑ । स॒मु॒द्रः । ध॒रुणः॑ । र॒यी॒णाम् । अ॒स्मत् । हृ॒दः । भूरि॑ऽजन्मा । वि । च॒ष्टे॒ । सिस॑क्ति । ऊधः॑ । नि॒ण्योः । उ॒पऽस्थे॑ । उत्स॑स्य । मध्ये॑ । निऽहि॑तम् । प॒दम् । वेरिति॒ वेः ॥
एकः । समुद्रः । धरुणः । रयीणाम् । अस्मत् । हृदः । भूरिजन्मा । वि । चष्टे । सिसक्ति । ऊधः । निण्योः । उपस्थे । उत्सस्य । मध्ये । निहितम् । पदम् । वेरिति वेः ॥
ekaḥ | samudraḥ | dharuṇaḥ | rayīṇām | asmat | hṛdaḥ | bhūri-janmā | vi | caṣṭe | si sakti | ūdhaḥ | niṇyoḥ | upa-sthe | utsasya | madhye | ni-hitam | padam | veritiveḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.5.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“ocean; Samudra; sea; samudra [word]; four.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“holding; supportive.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“wealth; property.”
[noun]
“I; mine.”
[noun], ablative, singular, neuter
“heart; heart; mind; breast; hṛd [word].”
[noun]
“much; many; much(a); abundant; rich; mighty; distinguished.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“birth; reincarnation; lineage; origin; race; metempsychosis; parentage; descent; appearance; age; birthplace; beginning; being.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“watch; look.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“accompany; follow; company; obey; participate; enter.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“udder; ūdhas [word]; night.”
[noun], genitive, dual, masculine
“hidden; concealed; confidential.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“genitalia; lap; sexual desire; anus.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“spring; fountain; utsa [word]; well.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“midst; center; cavity; inside; middle; center; waist; group; pulp; torso; time interval; area; series; madhya [word]; Madhya; noon; middle; middle age; span; belly.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“put; fill into; stow; insert; ignite; insert; add; put on; establish; keep down.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”
[noun], ablative, singular, masculine
“vi; bird; vi.”