Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.4.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

मू॒रा अ॑मूर॒ न व॒यं चि॑कित्वो महि॒त्वम॑ग्ने॒ त्वम॒ङ्ग वि॑त्से । शये॑ व॒व्रिश्चर॑ति जि॒ह्वया॒दन्रे॑रि॒ह्यते॑ युव॒तिं वि॒श्पति॒: सन् ॥
मूरा अमूर न वयं चिकित्वो महित्वमग्ने त्वमङ्ग वित्से । शये वव्रिश्चरति जिह्वयादन्रेरिह्यते युवतिं विश्पतिः सन् ॥
mūrā amūra na vayaṃ cikitvo mahitvam agne tvam aṅga vitse | śaye vavriś carati jihvayādan rerihyate yuvatiṃ viśpatiḥ san ||

English translation:

“We, who are perplexed, know not, O unperplexed, intelligent one, your greatness; but you, Agni, verilyknow it. Wearing a form he reposes; he moves about devouring (the offering) with his tongue (of flame); beinglord of men, he licks up the mixed oblation.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Wearing a form: as the āhavanīya fire; licks up the mixed oblatioṅrerehyate yuvatim viśpatiḥ san: yuvai = the youthful earth, as compared with its withered plural nts, taruṇīmjīrṇauṣadhikām pṛthivīm asvādyati

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): tritaḥ [trita];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

मू॒राः । अ॒मू॒र॒ । न । व॒यम् । चि॒कि॒त्वः॒ । म॒हि॒ऽत्वम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । त्वम् । अ॒ङ्ग । वि॒त्से॒ । शये॑ । व॒व्रिः । चर॑ति । जि॒ह्वया॑ । अ॒दन् । रे॒रि॒ह्यते॑ । यु॒व॒तिम् । वि॒श्पतिः॑ । सन् ॥
मूराः । अमूर । न । वयम् । चिकित्वः । महित्वम् । अग्ने । त्वम् । अङ्ग । वित्से । शये । वव्रिः । चरति । जिह्वया । अदन् । रेरिह्यते । युवतिम् । विश्पतिः । सन् ॥
mūrāḥ | amūra | na | vayam | cikitvaḥ | mahi-tvam | agne | tvam | aṅga | vitse | śaye | vavriḥ | carati | jihvayā | adan | rerihyate | yuvatim | viśpatiḥ | san

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.4.4 English analysis of grammar]

mūrā < mūrāḥ < mūra

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“stupid.”

amūra < < a

[adverb]

“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

amūra < < mūra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“stupid.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

vayaṃ < vayam < mad

[noun], nominative, plural

“I; mine.”

cikitvo < cikitvaḥ < cikitu

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

mahitvam < mahi

[noun]

“great; firm.”

mahitvam < tvam < tva

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“state; quality; cause; reason.”

agne < agni

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

aṅga

[adverb]

“in truth; aṅga [word]; entirely; merely.”

vitse < vid

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”

śaye < śī

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“lie; sleep.”

vavriś < vavriḥ < vavri

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“covering; lurking place.”

carati < car

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”

jihvayādan < jihvayā < jihvā

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“tongue; tongue; jihvā [word]; fire.”

jihvayādan < adan < ad

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“eat; devour.”

rerihyate < rerih < √rih

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“lick.”

yuvatiṃ < yuvatim < yuvati

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“girl; woman.”

viśpatiḥ < viśpati

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“overlord; head.”

san < as

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

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