Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.4.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र ते॑ यक्षि॒ प्र त॑ इयर्मि॒ मन्म॒ भुवो॒ यथा॒ वन्द्यो॑ नो॒ हवे॑षु । धन्व॑न्निव प्र॒पा अ॑सि॒ त्वम॑ग्न इय॒क्षवे॑ पू॒रवे॑ प्रत्न राजन् ॥
प्र ते यक्षि प्र त इयर्मि मन्म भुवो यथा वन्द्यो नो हवेषु । धन्वन्निव प्रपा असि त्वमग्न इयक्षवे पूरवे प्रत्न राजन् ॥
pra te yakṣi pra ta iyarmi manma bhuvo yathā vandyo no haveṣu | dhanvann iva prapā asi tvam agna iyakṣave pūrave pratna rājan ||

English translation:

“To you, Agni, I present the oblation; you repeat praise; that you, who are deserving of laudation maybe present at our invocations; ancient sovereign Agni, you are like a well of water in a desert, to the mandesirous of offering sacrifice.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): tritaḥ [trita];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र । ते॒ । य॒क्षि॒ । प्र । ते॒ । इ॒य॒र्मि॒ । मन्म॑ । भुवः॑ । यथा॑ । वन्द्यः॑ । नः॒ । हवे॑षु । धन्व॑न्ऽइव । प्र॒ऽपा । अ॒सि॒ । त्वम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । इ॒य॒क्षवे॑ । पू॒रवे॑ । प्र॒त्न॒ । रा॒ज॒न् ॥
प्र । ते । यक्षि । प्र । ते । इयर्मि । मन्म । भुवः । यथा । वन्द्यः । नः । हवेषु । धन्वन्इव । प्रपा । असि । त्वम् । अग्ने । इयक्षवे । पूरवे । प्रत्न । राजन् ॥
pra | te | yakṣi | pra | te | iyarmi | manma | bhuvaḥ | yathā | vandyaḥ | naḥ | haveṣu | dhanvan-iva | pra-pā | asi | tvam | agne | iyakṣave | pūrave | pratna | rājan

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.4.1 English analysis of grammar]

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

te < tvad

[noun], dative, singular

“you.”

yakṣi < yaj

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“sacrifice; worship; worship.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

ta < te < tvad

[noun], dative, singular

“you.”

iyarmi < ṛch

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“enter (a state); travel; shoot; send; hit; originate; get; raise; begin; harm.”

manma < manman

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“hymn; idea; purpose.”

bhuvo < bhuvaḥ < bhū

[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.

“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

yathā

[adverb]

“equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

vandyo < vandyaḥ < vand

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“worship; laud.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], genitive, plural

“I; mine.”

haveṣu < hava

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“invocation.”

dhanvann < dhanvan

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“bow; desert; steppe; barren.”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

prapā

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“well.”

asi < as

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

agna < agne < agni

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

iyakṣave < iyakṣu

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

pūrave < pūru

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Pūru; Pūru.”

pratna

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“age-old; pratna [word].”

rājan

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”

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