Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.3.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

कृ॒ष्णां यदेनी॑म॒भि वर्प॑सा॒ भूज्ज॒नय॒न्योषां॑ बृह॒तः पि॒तुर्जाम् । ऊ॒र्ध्वं भा॒नुं सूर्य॑स्य स्तभा॒यन्दि॒वो वसु॑भिरर॒तिर्वि भा॑ति ॥
कृष्णां यदेनीमभि वर्पसा भूज्जनयन्योषां बृहतः पितुर्जाम् । ऊर्ध्वं भानुं सूर्यस्य स्तभायन्दिवो वसुभिररतिर्वि भाति ॥
kṛṣṇāṃ yad enīm abhi varpasā bhūj janayan yoṣām bṛhataḥ pitur jām | ūrdhvam bhānuṃ sūryasya stabhāyan divo vasubhir aratir vi bhāti ||

English translation:

“When he has overcome the dark departing (night) by his radiance, then, begetting the damsel, thedaughter of the great father, he shines in his course with the treasures of heaven, establishing above the light ofthe sun.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Daughter of the great father: the Dawn, the daughter of the Sun; treasures of heaven: vasubhiḥ =developing or kindling splendours

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): tritaḥ [trita];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

कृ॒ष्णाम् । यत् । एनी॑म् । अ॒भि । वर्प॑सा । भूत् । ज॒नय॑न् । योषा॑म् । बृ॒ह॒तः । पि॒तुः । जाम् । ऊ॒र्ध्वम् । भा॒नुम् । सूर्य॑स्य । स्त॒भा॒यन् । दि॒वः । वसु॑ऽभिः । अ॒र॒तिः । वि । भा॒ति॒ ॥
कृष्णाम् । यत् । एनीम् । अभि । वर्पसा । भूत् । जनयन् । योषाम् । बृहतः । पितुः । जाम् । ऊर्ध्वम् । भानुम् । सूर्यस्य । स्तभायन् । दिवः । वसुभिः । अरतिः । वि । भाति ॥
kṛṣṇām | yat | enīm | abhi | varpasā | bhūt | janayan | yoṣām | bṛhataḥ | pituḥ | jām | ūrdhvam | bhānum | sūryasya | stabhāyan | divaḥ | vasu-bhiḥ | aratiḥ | vi | bhāti

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.3.2 English analysis of grammar]

kṛṣṇāṃ < kṛṣṇām < kṛṣṇa

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“black; dark; dark; blue; black.”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

enīm < _ < √_

[?]

“_”

abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

varpasā < varpas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“form; look; disguise.”

bhūj < bhūt < bhū

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

janayan < janay < √jan

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“cause; give birth; produce; beget; generate; originate; create; create; make.”

yoṣām < yoṣā

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“woman; puppet; daughter.”

bṛhataḥ < bṛhat

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

pitur < pituḥ < pitṛ

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”

jām <

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“child; jā; being.”

ūrdhvam < ūrdhva

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“upper; up(a); upper; upward; erect; more(a); raised; ūrdhva [word]; acclivitous; overturned; loud; eminent; high.”

bhānuṃ < bhānum < bhānu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“sun; Surya; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sunbeam; beam; luminosity; copper; light; twelve; appearance; Bhānu; flare.”

sūryasya < sūrya

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

stabhāyan < stabhāy < √stambh

[verb noun], nominative, singular

divo < divaḥ < div

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

vasubhir < vasubhiḥ < vasu

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“Vasu; Vasu; eight; vas; audbhida; Deva; sun; pāṃśuja; Agni.”

aratir < aratiḥ < arati

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“charioteer.”

vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

bhāti < bhā

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“look; shine; show; look like; glitter; reflect.”

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