Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.2.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
पि॒प्री॒हि दे॒वाँ उ॑श॒तो य॑विष्ठ वि॒द्वाँ ऋ॒तूँॠ॑तुपते यजे॒ह । ये दैव्या॑ ऋ॒त्विज॒स्तेभि॑रग्ने॒ त्वं होतॄ॑णाम॒स्याय॑जिष्ठः ॥
पिप्रीहि देवाँ उशतो यविष्ठ विद्वाँ ऋतूँॠतुपते यजेह । ये दैव्या ऋत्विजस्तेभिरग्ने त्वं होतॄणामस्यायजिष्ठः ॥
piprīhi devām̐ uśato yaviṣṭha vidvām̐ ṛtūm̐r ṛtupate yajeha | ye daivyā ṛtvijas tebhir agne tvaṃ hotṝṇām asy āyajiṣṭhaḥ ||
English translation:
“Agni, youngest (of the deities), propitiate the desiring gods; lord of seasons, cognizant of seasons,here offer worship; worship with those who are the priests of the celestials; among the ministrant priests you arethe best offerer.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The priests: daivyā ṛtvijaḥ: Agni the hotā, Aśvins the adhvaryus, Tvaṣṭā the agnīdh andMitra the upavaktā (Āśvalāyana Gṛhyasūtra 1.23.8-9); or, Candramas the brahmā, Āditya the adhvaryuand Parjanya the udgātā; these are the priests of the gods in heaven: Taittirīya Āraṇyaka 3.3
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): tritaḥ [trita];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
पि॒प्री॒हि । दे॒वान् । उ॒श॒तः । य॒वि॒ष्ठ॒ । वि॒द्वान् । ऋ॒तून् । ऋ॒तु॒ऽप॒ते॒ । य॒ज॒ । इ॒ह । ये । दैव्याः॑ । ऋ॒त्विजः॑ । तेभिः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । त्वम् । होतॄ॑णाम् । अ॒सि॒ । आऽय॑जिष्ठः ॥
पिप्रीहि । देवान् । उशतः । यविष्ठ । विद्वान् । ऋतून् । ऋतुपते । यज । इह । ये । दैव्याः । ऋत्विजः । तेभिः । अग्ने । त्वम् । होतॄणाम् । असि । आयजिष्ठः ॥
piprīhi | devān | uśataḥ | yaviṣṭha | vidvān | ṛtūn | ṛtu-pate | yaja | iha | ye | daivyāḥ | ṛtvijaḥ | tebhiḥ | agne | tvam | hotṛṝṇām | asi | āyajiṣṭhaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.2.1 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], singular, Perfect imperative
“delight; gladden; satisfy; nutrify; comfort.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[verb noun], accusative, plural
“desire; agree; call; care; like; love.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“youngest.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“season; turn; menstruation; ṛtu [word]; time period; order; six.”
[noun], masculine
“season; turn; menstruation; ṛtu [word]; time period; order; six.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“sacrifice; worship; worship.”
[adverb]
“here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“divine; divine; celestial.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“ṛtvij; ṛtvij [word].”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“Hotṛ.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine