Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.1.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स जा॒तो गर्भो॑ असि॒ रोद॑स्यो॒रग्ने॒ चारु॒र्विभृ॑त॒ ओष॑धीषु । चि॒त्रः शिशु॒: परि॒ तमां॑स्य॒क्तून्प्र मा॒तृभ्यो॒ अधि॒ कनि॑क्रदद्गाः ॥
स जातो गर्भो असि रोदस्योरग्ने चारुर्विभृत ओषधीषु । चित्रः शिशुः परि तमांस्यक्तून्प्र मातृभ्यो अधि कनिक्रदद्गाः ॥
sa jāto garbho asi rodasyor agne cārur vibhṛta oṣadhīṣu | citraḥ śiśuḥ pari tamāṃsy aktūn pra mātṛbhyo adhi kanikradad gāḥ ||
English translation:
“When born, you, O Agni, are the embryo of heaven and earth, beautiful, borne about in the plural nts;variegated, infantine, you disperse the noctural glooms; you issue roaring loudly from the maternal (sources).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Borne about in the plural nts: vibhṛta oṣadhīṣu = abiding in the two pieces of touchwood which are vegetableforms, oḍadhivikāreṣu; or, the cakes and other offerings: puroḍāśādi lakṣaṇeṣu dātavyāsu (Yajuṣ10.43); notcurnal glooms: tamāṃsyaktūn = darkness and enemies black like night; from the maternal sources:mātṛbhya oṣadhībhyaḥ = from plural nts; or, from plural nts and trees, oṣadhi vanaspatibhyaḥ śakāśāt
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): tritaḥ [trita];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सः । जा॒तः । गर्भः॑ । अ॒सि॒ । रोद॑स्योः । अग्ने॑ । चारुः॑ । विऽभृ॑तः । ओष॑धीषु । चि॒त्रः । शिशुः॑ । परि॑ । तमां॑सि । अ॒क्तून् । प्र । मा॒तृऽभ्यः॑ । अधि॑ । कनि॑क्रदत् । गाः॒ ॥
सः । जातः । गर्भः । असि । रोदस्योः । अग्ने । चारुः । विभृतः । ओषधीषु । चित्रः । शिशुः । परि । तमांसि । अक्तून् । प्र । मातृभ्यः । अधि । कनिक्रदत् । गाः ॥
saḥ | jātaḥ | garbhaḥ | asi | rodasyoḥ | agne | cāruḥ | vi-bhṛtaḥ | oṣadhīṣu | citraḥ | śiśuḥ | pari | tamāṃsi | aktūn | pra | mātṛ-bhyaḥ | adhi | kanikradat | gāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.1.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fetus; garbha; inside; cavity; embryo; uterus; child; pit; garbhadruti; filling; pregnancy; room; abdomen; fertilization; inside; hole; baby; calyx; midst.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], genitive, dual, feminine
“heaven and earth; Earth.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“pleasant; beautiful; beloved; agreeable; cāru [word].”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“herb; plant; drug; herb.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“manifold; extraordinary; beautiful; divers(a); varicolored; bright; bright; bright; outstanding; agitated; aglitter(p); brilliant; painted; obvious; patched; bizarre.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“child; young; baby; śiśu [word]; Śiśu; male child; fetus.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“night; dark; beam.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[noun], ablative, plural, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“roar; neigh.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“go; enter (a state); arrive.”