Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 9.86.48

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पव॑स्व सोम क्रतु॒विन्न॑ उ॒क्थ्योऽव्यो॒ वारे॒ परि॑ धाव॒ मधु॑ प्रि॒यम् । ज॒हि विश्वा॑न्र॒क्षस॑ इन्दो अ॒त्रिणो॑ बृ॒हद्व॑देम वि॒दथे॑ सु॒वीरा॑: ॥
पवस्व सोम क्रतुविन्न उक्थ्योऽव्यो वारे परि धाव मधु प्रियम् । जहि विश्वान्रक्षस इन्दो अत्रिणो बृहद्वदेम विदथे सुवीराः ॥
pavasva soma kratuvin na ukthyo 'vyo vāre pari dhāva madhu priyam | jahi viśvān rakṣasa indo atriṇo bṛhad vadema vidathe suvīrāḥ ||

English translation:

“Flow for us, Soma, cognizant of (our) worship and deserving praise; pour (your) beloved sweet-flavoured (juice) upon the woollen fleece; slay, Indu, all the voracious rākṣasas; blessed with excellent male offspring may we offer ample (praises) at the sacrifice.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

May we offer ample praises: bṛhad vadema = liṭ, may we say much (or speak loudly); or, may we solicit much wealth

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ [gṛtsamada];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pavamānaḥ somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛjjgatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पव॑स्व । स्म् । क्र॒तु॒ऽवित् । नः॒ । उ॒क्थ्यः॑ । अव्यः॑ । वारे॑ । परि॑ । धा॒व॒ । मधु॑ । प्रि॒यम् । ज॒हि । विश्वा॑न् । र॒क्षसः॑ । इ॒न्दो॒ इति॑ । अ॒त्रिणः॑ । बृ॒हत् । व॒दे॒म॒ । वि॒दथे॑ । सु॒ऽवीराः॑ ॥
पवस्व । स्म् । क्रतुवित् । नः । उक्थ्यः । अव्यः । वारे । परि । धाव । मधु । प्रियम् । जहि । विश्वान् । रक्षसः । इन्दो इति । अत्रिणः । बृहत् । वदेम । विदथे । सुवीराः ॥
pavasva | soma | kratu-vit | naḥ | ukthyaḥ | avyaḥ | vāre | pari | dhāva | madhu | priyam | jahi | viśvān | rakṣasaḥ | indo iti | atriṇaḥ | bṛhat | vadema | vidathe | su-vīrāḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 9.86.48 English analysis of grammar]

pavasva <

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

soma

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

kratuvin < kratu

[noun], masculine

“yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”

kratuvin < vid

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“conversant(p); aware(p); enlightened; understanding.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

ukthyo < ukthyaḥ < ukthya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“applaudable.”

'vyo < avyaḥ < avya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

vāre < vāra

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“strainer.”

pari

[adverb]

“from; about; around.”

dhāva < dhāv

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“run; run; wash.”

madhu

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”

priyam < priya

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”

jahi < han

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”

viśvān < viśva

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

rakṣasa < rakṣasaḥ < rakṣas

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“Rākṣasa.”

indo < indu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

atriṇo < atriṇaḥ < atrin

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“Atrin; eater.”

bṛhad < bṛhat

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

vadema < vad

[verb], plural, Present optative

“describe; teach; speak; tell; say; call; name; enumerate; declare; diagnose; address; say; pronounce; express; instruct; order.”

vidathe < vidatha

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“meeting; wisdom; council.”

suvīrāḥ < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

suvīrāḥ < vīrāḥ < vīra

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”

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