Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 9.85.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऊ॒र्ध्वो ग॑न्ध॒र्वो अधि॒ नाके॑ अस्था॒द्विश्वा॑ रू॒पा प्र॑ति॒चक्षा॑णो अस्य । भा॒नुः शु॒क्रेण॑ शो॒चिषा॒ व्य॑द्यौ॒त्प्रारू॑रुच॒द्रोद॑सी मा॒तरा॒ शुचि॑: ॥
ऊर्ध्वो गन्धर्वो अधि नाके अस्थाद्विश्वा रूपा प्रतिचक्षाणो अस्य । भानुः शुक्रेण शोचिषा व्यद्यौत्प्रारूरुचद्रोदसी मातरा शुचिः ॥
ūrdhvo gandharvo adhi nāke asthād viśvā rūpā praticakṣāṇo asya | bhānuḥ śukreṇa śociṣā vy adyaut prārūrucad rodasī mātarā śuciḥ ||
English translation:
“The elevated gandharva abides above the sun contemplating all its forms; the sun shines with white light, radiant he illumines the creative heaven and earth.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
I.e., mātarā = nirmātryau; i.e., the two mother; or, the two parents (pitarau)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): veno bhārgavaḥ [vena bhārgava];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pavamānaḥ somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऊ॒र्ध्वः । ग॒न्ध॒र्वः । अधि॑ । नाके॑ । अ॒स्था॒त् । विश्वा॑ । रू॒पा । प्र्चति॒ऽचक्षा॑णः । अ॒स्य॒ । भा॒नुः । शु॒क्रेण॑ । शो॒चिषा॑ । वि । अ॒द्यौ॒त् । प्र । अ॒रू॒रु॒च॒त् । रोद॑सी॒ इति॑ । मा॒तरा॑ । शुचिः॑ ॥
ऊर्ध्वः । गन्धर्वः । अधि । नाके । अस्थात् । विश्वा । रूपा । प्र्चतिचक्षाणः । अस्य । भानुः । शुक्रेण । शोचिषा । वि । अद्यौत् । प्र । अरूरुचत् । रोदसी इति । मातरा । शुचिः ॥
ūrdhvaḥ | gandharvaḥ | adhi | nāke | asthāt | viśvā | rūpā | prcati-cakṣāṇaḥ | asya | bhānuḥ | śukreṇa | śociṣā | vi | adyaut | pra | arūrucat | rodasī iti | mātarā | śuciḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 9.85.12 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“upper; up(a); upper; upward; erect; more(a); raised; ūrdhva [word]; acclivitous; overturned; loud; eminent; high.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Gandharva; castor-oil plant; horse; Gandharva; Indian cuckoo.”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“sky; celestial sphere; Svarga; nāka [word].”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“form; appearance; beauty; look; shape; shape; symptom; feature; nature; guise; rūpa [word]; one; appearance; likeness; color; kind; vowel; type; disguise; aspect; form; derivative; omen; vision.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sunbeam; beam; luminosity; copper; light; twelve; appearance; Bhānu; flare.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“bright; clear; white; light; pure.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“fire; flare; burn; radiance.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], singular, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)
“shine; inflame.”
[verb], singular, Redupl. Aorist (Ind.)
“light.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“heaven and earth; Earth.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“clean; clean; pure; bright; clear; honest; śuci [word]; clear; impeccant.”