Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 9.77.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स पू॒र्व्यः प॑वते॒ यं दि॒वस्परि॑ श्ये॒नो म॑था॒यदि॑षि॒तस्ति॒रो रज॑: । स मध्व॒ आ यु॑वते॒ वेवि॑जान॒ इत्कृ॒शानो॒रस्तु॒र्मन॒साह॑ बि॒भ्युषा॑ ॥
स पूर्व्यः पवते यं दिवस्परि श्येनो मथायदिषितस्तिरो रजः । स मध्व आ युवते वेविजान इत्कृशानोरस्तुर्मनसाह बिभ्युषा ॥
sa pūrvyaḥ pavate yaṃ divas pari śyeno mathāyad iṣitas tiro rajaḥ | sa madhva ā yuvate vevijāna it kṛśānor astur manasāha bibhyuṣā ||
English translation:
“The ancient (Soma) flows, which the hawk, despatched (for the purpose), brought down from heaven passing through the (third) world; he detaches the sweet-flavoured (Soma) flying downwards, with mind full of fear of the archer Kṛśānu.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
He detaches: saḥ = Soma; a reference to the hawk, who is afraid of Kṛśānu, the protector of Soma. The legend is in Aitareya Brāhmaṇa 3.26
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kaviḥ [kavi];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pavamānaḥ somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सः । पू॒र्व्यः । प॒व॒ते॒ । यम् । दि॒वः । परि॑ । श्ये॒नः । म॒था॒यत् । इ॒षि॒तः । ति॒रः । रजः॑ । सः । मध्वः॑ । आ । यु॒व॒ते॒ । वेवि॑जानः । इत् । कृ॒शानोः । अस्तुः॑ । मन॑सा । अह॑ । बि॒भ्युषा॑ ॥
सः । पूर्व्यः । पवते । यम् । दिवः । परि । श्येनः । मथायत् । इषितः । तिरः । रजः । सः । मध्वः । आ । युवते । वेविजानः । इत् । कृशानोः । अस्तुः । मनसा । अह । बिभ्युषा ॥
saḥ | pūrvyaḥ | pavate | yam | divaḥ | pari | śyenaḥ | mathāyat | iṣitaḥ | tiraḥ | rajaḥ | saḥ | madhvaḥ | ā | yuvate | vevijānaḥ | it | kṛśānoḥ | astuḥ | manasā | aha | bibhyuṣā
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 9.77.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“first; precedent; age-old; excellent; former(a).”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], ablative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“hawk; bird of prey; falcon; Śyena; eagle; śyena [word]; Śyena.”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“send.”
[adverb]
“tiras [word]; away; secretly.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“powder; menorrhea; dust; Rajas; atmosphere; rajas; pollen; passion; rajas [word]; sindūra; rust; tin; impurity; dark; sky.”
[adverb]
“with; little; together.”
[noun], ablative, singular, neuter
“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“unite.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“quiver.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[noun], ablative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; Plumbago zeylanica.”
[noun], ablative, singular, masculine
“archer; shot.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”
[adverb]
“aha [word]; indeed.”
[verb noun], instrumental, singular
“fear; fear.”