Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 9.65.23

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

य आ॑र्जी॒केषु॒ कृत्व॑सु॒ ये मध्ये॑ प॒स्त्या॑नाम् । ये वा॒ जने॑षु प॒ञ्चसु॑ ॥
य आर्जीकेषु कृत्वसु ये मध्ये पस्त्यानाम् । ये वा जनेषु पञ्चसु ॥
ya ārjīkeṣu kṛtvasu ye madhye pastyānām | ye vā janeṣu pañcasu ||

English translation:

“Or among the Ṛjikas, or the Kṛtvas, or in the neighbourhood of the rivers Sarasvatī, or in the five castes.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Ṛṣayo vai sarasvatyām satramāsata: Aitareya Brāhmaṇa 2.19; five castes: niṣādas are added to make the number five

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bhṛgurvāruṇirjamadagnirvā;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pavamānaḥ somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): kakummatīgāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ये । आ॒र्जी॒केषु॑ । कृत्व॑ऽसु । ये । मध्ये॑ । प॒स्त्या॑नाम् । ये । वा॒ । जने॑षु । प॒ञ्चऽसु॑ ॥
ये । आर्जीकेषु । कृत्वसु । ये । मध्ये । पस्त्यानाम् । ये । वा । जनेषु । पञ्चसु ॥
ye | ārjīkeṣu | kṛtva-su | ye | madhye | pastyānām | ye | vā | janeṣu | pañca-su

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 9.65.23 English analysis of grammar]

ya < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

ārjīkeṣu < ārjīka

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

kṛtvasu < kṛtvan

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“busy.”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

madhye < madhya

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“midst; center; cavity; inside; middle; center; waist; group; pulp; torso; time interval; area; series; madhya [word]; Madhya; noon; middle; middle age; span; belly.”

pastyānām < pastyā

[noun], genitive, plural, feminine

“river; dwelling.”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

[adverb]

“or; optionally; either.”

janeṣu < jana

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”

pañcasu < pañcan

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“five; fifth; pañcan [word].”

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