Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 9.54.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒यं सूर्य॑ इवोप॒दृग॒यं सरां॑सि धावति । स॒प्त प्र॒वत॒ आ दिव॑म् ॥
अयं सूर्य इवोपदृगयं सरांसि धावति । सप्त प्रवत आ दिवम् ॥
ayaṃ sūrya ivopadṛg ayaṃ sarāṃsi dhāvati | sapta pravata ā divam ||

English translation:

“He like the sun is the supervisor (of all acts); he hastens to the lakes, he unites with the seven down-descending rivers from heaven.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

To the lakes: i.e. the thirty uktha pātras (vessels or libations offering the recitation of the uktha), or thirty days and nights (Niruktam 5.11)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): avatsāraḥ [avatsāra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pavamānaḥ somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒यम् । सूर्यः॑ऽइव । उ॒प॒ऽदृक् । अ॒यम् । सरां॑सि । धा॒व॒ति॒ । स॒प्त । प्र॒ऽवतः॑ । आ । दिव॑म् ॥
अयम् । सूर्यःइव । उपदृक् । अयम् । सरांसि । धावति । सप्त । प्रवतः । आ । दिवम् ॥
ayam | sūryaḥ-iva | upa-dṛk | ayam | sarāṃsi | dhāvati | sapta | pra-vataḥ | ā | divam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 9.54.2 English analysis of grammar]

ayaṃ < ayam < idam

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

sūrya < sūryaḥ < sūrya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

ivopadṛg < iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

ivopadṛg < upadṛś

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

ayaṃ < ayam < idam

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

sarāṃsi < saras

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“lake; saras [word]; pond.”

dhāvati < dhāv

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“run; run; wash.”

sapta < saptan

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“seven; seventh.”

pravata < pravataḥ < pravat

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“slope; river.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

divam < div

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

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