Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 9.45.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स प॑वस्व॒ मदा॑य॒ कं नृ॒चक्षा॑ दे॒ववी॑तये । इन्द॒विन्द्रा॑य पी॒तये॑ ॥
स पवस्व मदाय कं नृचक्षा देववीतये । इन्दविन्द्राय पीतये ॥
sa pavasva madāya kaṃ nṛcakṣā devavītaye | indav indrāya pītaye ||
English translation:
“Indu, do you the beholder of men flow plural asantly for the banquet of the gods, for Indra's drinking and exhilaration.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Plural asantly: kam = sukham yathā bhavati tathā; sometimes, kam is explained just a particle meaning nothing, inserted only to balance the metre of the verse
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): ayāsyaḥ [ayāsya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pavamānaḥ somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सः । प॒व॒स्व॒ । मदा॑य । कम् । नृ॒ऽचक्षा॑ । दे॒वऽवी॑तये । इन्दो॒ इति॑ । इन्द्रा॑य । पी॒तये॑ ॥
सः । पवस्व । मदाय । कम् । नृचक्षा । देववीतये । इन्दो इति । इन्द्राय । पीतये ॥
saḥ | pavasva | madāya | kam | nṛ-cakṣā | deva-vītaye | indo iti | indrāya | pītaye
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 9.45.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”
[adverb]
“kaṃ [word].”
[noun], masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“eye; look; radiance.”
[noun], masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[verb noun]
“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”