Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 9.12.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

म॒द॒च्युत्क्षे॑ति॒ साद॑ने॒ सिन्धो॑रू॒र्मा वि॑प॒श्चित् । सोमो॑ गौ॒री अधि॑ श्रि॒तः ॥
मदच्युत्क्षेति सादने सिन्धोरूर्मा विपश्चित् । सोमो गौरी अधि श्रितः ॥
madacyut kṣeti sādane sindhor ūrmā vipaścit | somo gaurī adhi śritaḥ ||

English translation:

“The wise soma, the bestower of exhilaration, dwells in the hall of (sacrifice), mixed with the waves of the river to a chant in the middle tone.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Mixed with the waves of the river: i.e. the vasatīvari water; a chant in the middle tone: gauri adhi śritaḥ; cf. RV 8.007.10; another trnaslation: resting on an ox-hide, gaurī adhi = gor adhi tvaci (RV 9.101.11);

Div = sky; cf. RV 9.010.09

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): asitaḥ kāśyapo devalo vā [asita kāśyapa devala vā];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pavamānaḥ somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

म॒द॒ऽच्युत् । क्षे॒ति॒ । सद॑ने । सिन्धोः॑ । ऊ॒र्मा । वि॒पः॒ऽचित् । सोमः॑ । गौ॒री इति॑ । अधि॑ । श्रि॒तः ॥
मदच्युत् । क्षेति । सदने । सिन्धोः । ऊर्मा । विपःचित् । सोमः । गौरी इति । अधि । श्रितः ॥
mada-cyut | kṣeti | sadane | sindhoḥ | ūrmā | vipaḥ-cit | somaḥ | gaurī iti | adhi | śritaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 9.12.3 English analysis of grammar]

madacyut

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“proud.”

kṣeti < kṣi

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“govern; inhabit; dwell; stay; predominate; bide; own.”

sādane < sādana

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“home; dwelling; seat.”

sindhor < sindhoḥ < sindhu

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”

ūrmā < ūrmi

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“wave; billow.”

vipaścit

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“wise; expert.”

somo < somaḥ < soma

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

gaurī < _ < √_

[?]

“_”

adhi

[adverb]

“on; from; accordingly.”

śritaḥ < śri

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“situate; dwell; go; lurk; reach; rear; repose; cling to.”

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