Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.101.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र यो वां॑ मित्रावरुणाजि॒रो दू॒तो अद्र॑वत् । अय॑:शीर्षा॒ मदे॑रघुः ॥
प्र यो वां मित्रावरुणाजिरो दूतो अद्रवत् । अयःशीर्षा मदेरघुः ॥
pra yo vām mitrāvaruṇājiro dūto adravat | ayaḥśīrṣā maderaghuḥ ||

English translation:

Mitra and Varuṇa, he who hastens to appear before you, becomes the messenger of the gods; hewears a metal helment, he exults in his wealth.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

A metal helmet: golden, ayas sīrṣā

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): jamadagnibhārgavaḥ [jamadagnibhārgava];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): mitrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र । यः । वा॒म् । मि॒त्रा॒व॒रु॒णा॒ । अ॒जि॒रः । दू॒तः । अद्र॑वत् । अयः॑ऽशीर्षा । मदे॑ऽरघुः ॥
प्र । यः । वाम् । मित्रावरुणा । अजिरः । दूतः । अद्रवत् । अयःशीर्षा । मदेरघुः ॥
pra | yaḥ | vām | mitrāvaruṇā | ajiraḥ | dūtaḥ | adravat | ayaḥ-śīrṣā | made--raghuḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.101.3 English analysis of grammar]

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

vām < tvad

[noun], accusative, dual

“you.”

mitrāvaruṇājiro < mitrāvaruṇā < mitrāvaruṇa

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“Varuna; Mitra.”

mitrāvaruṇājiro < ajiraḥ < ajira

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“fast; agile; ajira [word].”

dūto < dūtaḥ < dūta

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“messenger; emissary; dūta [word].”

adravat < dru

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“liquefy; melt; melt; flee; run; run; vanish; run; rush; dissolve; dissolve.”

ayaḥśīrṣā < ayaḥ < ayas

[noun], neuter

“iron; kāntaloha; ayas [word]; tīkṣṇaloha; metallic element; weapon.”

ayaḥśīrṣā < śīrṣā < śīrṣan

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“head; śīrṣan [word].”

maderaghuḥ < maderaghu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

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