Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.100.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सखे॑ विष्णो वित॒रं वि क्र॑मस्व॒ द्यौर्दे॒हि लो॒कं वज्रा॑य वि॒ष्कभे॑ । हना॑व वृ॒त्रं रि॒णचा॑व॒ सिन्धू॒निन्द्र॑स्य यन्तु प्रस॒वे विसृ॑ष्टाः ॥
सखे विष्णो वितरं वि क्रमस्व द्यौर्देहि लोकं वज्राय विष्कभे । हनाव वृत्रं रिणचाव सिन्धूनिन्द्रस्य यन्तु प्रसवे विसृष्टाः ॥
sakhe viṣṇo vitaraṃ vi kramasva dyaur dehi lokaṃ vajrāya viṣkabhe | hanāva vṛtraṃ riṇacāva sindhūn indrasya yantu prasave visṛṣṭāḥ ||
English translation:
“O Viṣṇu my friends, stride forth lustily; O heaven, give room to contain the thunderbolt; let us smiteVṛtra, let us open the rivers; let them flow, set free, at the command of Indra.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Give room to contain thethunderbolt: Bṛhaddevatā is cited: Vṛtra had enveloped the three worlds and stood there in his fierce energy;Indra could not conquer him, and he went to Viṣṇu and said, "I will smite Vṛtra, do you stride forth and stand bymy side, and let the heavens give room for my uplifted thunderbolt". Viṣṇu consented and did so, and theheavens gave an open space. All this is related in this ṛca
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nemo bhārgavaḥ [nema bhārgava];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सखे॑ । वि॒ष्णो॒ इति॑ । वि॒ऽत॒रम् । वि । क्र॒म॒स्व॒ । द्यौः । दे॒हि । लो॒कम् । वज्रा॑य । वि॒ऽस्कभे॑ । हना॑व । वृ॒त्रम् । रि॒णचा॑व । सिन्धू॑न् । इन्द्र॑स्य । य॒न्तु॒ । प्र॒ऽस॒वे । विऽसृ॑ष्टाः ॥
सखे । विष्णो इति । वितरम् । वि । क्रमस्व । द्यौः । देहि । लोकम् । वज्राय । विस्कभे । हनाव । वृत्रम् । रिणचाव । सिन्धून् । इन्द्रस्य । यन्तु । प्रसवे । विसृष्टाः ॥
sakhe | viṣṇo iti | vi-taram | vi | kramasva | dyauḥ | dehi | lokam | vajrāya | vi-skabhe | hanāva | vṛtram | riṇacāva | sindhūn | indrasya | yantu | pra-save | vi-sṛṣṭāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.100.12 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Vishnu; Krishna; Viṣṇu; Om; Shiva.”
[adverb]
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“kram; step; go; continue; proceed; traverse; heat.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Loka; Earth; world; vernacular; people; room; world; Earth; loka [word]; space; Loka; topographic point; region; common sense.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“vajra; Vajra; vajra; vajra; lightning; abhra; vajramūṣā; diamond; vajra [word]; vajrakapāṭa; vajra; vaikrānta.”
[verb noun]
“stop; prop up; fixate.”
[verb], dual, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[verb], dual, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“empty; liberate; concede; surrender; purge.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“stimulation.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“dismiss; emit; shoot; secrete; hand over; lose; abandon; disperse; make; emit; utter; shoot; ejaculate; spill; give; discard; refrain from; discontinue; throw.”