Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.96.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ यद्वज्रं॑ बा॒ह्वोरि॑न्द्र॒ धत्से॑ मद॒च्युत॒मह॑ये॒ हन्त॒वा उ॑ । प्र पर्व॑ता॒ अन॑वन्त॒ प्र गाव॒: प्र ब्र॒ह्माणो॑ अभि॒नक्ष॑न्त॒ इन्द्र॑म् ॥
आ यद्वज्रं बाह्वोरिन्द्र धत्से मदच्युतमहये हन्तवा उ । प्र पर्वता अनवन्त प्र गावः प्र ब्रह्माणो अभिनक्षन्त इन्द्रम् ॥
ā yad vajram bāhvor indra dhatse madacyutam ahaye hantavā u | pra parvatā anavanta pra gāvaḥ pra brahmāṇo abhinakṣanta indram ||

English translation:

“When, Indra, you grasp in your arms your pride humbling thunderbolt to smite Ahi, when the mountainclouds loudly roar and the cows loudly bellow, then the brāhmaṇas offer their worship to Indra.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Cows: cowsare the waters pent within the clouds;

Brāhmaṇas = the mountains

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): tiraścīradyutāno vā marutaḥ [tiraścīradyutāna vā maruta];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ । यत् । वज्र॑म् । बा॒ह्वोः । इ॒न्द्र॒ । धत्से॑ । म॒द॒ऽच्युत॑म् । अह॑ये । हन्त॒वै । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । प्र । पर्व॑ताः । अन॑वन्त । प्र । गावः॑ । प्र । ब्र॒ह्माणः॑ । अ॒भि॒ऽनक्ष॑न्तः । इन्द्र॑म् ॥
आ । यत् । वज्रम् । बाह्वोः । इन्द्र । धत्से । मदच्युतम् । अहये । हन्तवै । ऊँ इति । प्र । पर्वताः । अनवन्त । प्र । गावः । प्र । ब्रह्माणः । अभिनक्षन्तः । इन्द्रम् ॥
ā | yat | vajram | bāhvoḥ | indra | dhatse | mada-cyutam | ahaye | hantavai | oṃ iti | pra | parvatāḥ | anavanta | pra | gāvaḥ | pra | brahmāṇaḥ | abhi-nakṣantaḥ | indram

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.96.5 English analysis of grammar]

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

vajram < vajra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“vajra; Vajra; vajra; vajra; lightning; abhra; vajramūṣā; diamond; vajra [word]; vajrakapāṭa; vajra; vaikrānta.”

bāhvor < bāhvoḥ < bāhu

[noun], locative, dual, masculine

“arm; bāhu [word]; elbow; forefoot.”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

dhatse < dhā

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

madacyutam < mada

[noun], masculine

“drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”

madacyutam < cyutam < cyut

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“shaking; dropping.”

ahaye < ahi

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“snake; lead; nāga; Nāga; ahi [word]; Vṛtra.”

hantavā < hantavai < han

[verb noun]

“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”

u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

parvatā < parvatāḥ < parvata

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“mountain; Parvata; parvata [word]; Parvata; Parvata; rock; height.”

anavanta <

[verb], plural, Imperfect

“praise; shout.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

gāvaḥ < go

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

brahmāṇo < brahmāṇaḥ < brahman

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Brahma; Brahmin; dhak; Brahman; brahman [word]; Brahman; Brahmin; Brahmapurāṇa; Vishnu; Brihaspati.”

abhinakṣanta < abhinakṣantaḥ < abhinakṣ < √nakṣ

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“approach.”

indram < indra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

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