Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.86.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऋ॒तेन॑ दे॒वः स॑वि॒ता श॑मायत ऋ॒तस्य॒ शृङ्ग॑मुर्वि॒या वि प॑प्रथे । ऋ॒तं सा॑साह॒ महि॑ चित्पृतन्य॒तो मा नो॒ वि यौ॑ष्टं स॒ख्या मु॒मोच॑तम् ॥
ऋतेन देवः सविता शमायत ऋतस्य शृङ्गमुर्विया वि पप्रथे । ऋतं सासाह महि चित्पृतन्यतो मा नो वि यौष्टं सख्या मुमोचतम् ॥
ṛtena devaḥ savitā śamāyata ṛtasya śṛṅgam urviyā vi paprathe | ṛtaṃ sāsāha mahi cit pṛtanyato mā no vi yauṣṭaṃ sakhyā mumocatam ||
English translation:
“The sun-god by truth extinguishes his beams (in the evening); he spreads abroad (in the morning) thehorn of truth; truth verily overcomes the might of the eager assailant; therefore sever not our friendships, but flingloose (your reins and gallop here).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
A praise of truth, satyapraśaṃsā; as the sun swerves not from hisappointed course, and as truth or adherance to right conquers earthly foes, so the Aśvins must fulfil the duties ofancient friendship and hear the ṛṣi's prayer
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kṛṣṇo viśvako vā kārṣṇiḥ [kṛṣṇa viśvaka vā kārṣṇi];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऋ॒तेन॑ । दे॒वः । स॒वि॒ता । श॒म्ऽआ॒य॒ते॒ । ऋ॒तस्य॑ । शृङ्ग॑म् । उ॒र्वि॒या । वि । प॒प्र॒थे॒ । ऋ॒तम् । स॒सा॒ह॒ । महि॑ । चि॒त् । पृ॒त॒न्य॒तः । मा । नः॒ । वि । यौ॒ष्ट॒म् । स॒ख्या । मु॒मोच॑तम् ॥
ऋतेन । देवः । सविता । शम्आयते । ऋतस्य । शृङ्गम् । उर्विया । वि । पप्रथे । ऋतम् । ससाह । महि । चित् । पृतन्यतः । मा । नः । वि । यौष्टम् । सख्या । मुमोचतम् ॥
ṛtena | devaḥ | savitā | śam-āyate | ṛtasya | śṛṅgam | urviyā | vi | paprathe | ṛtam | sasāha | mahi | cit | pṛtanyataḥ | mā | naḥ | vi | yauṣṭam | sakhyā | mumocatam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.86.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Savitar; sun; Surya; Savitṛ.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“peak; horn; tusk; śṛṅga [word].”
[adverb]
“wide; widely.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“be known; expand; expand; boom.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“endure; overcome; habituate.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“great; firm.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[verb noun], accusative, plural
“attack.”
[adverb]
“not.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], dual, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“keep away; separate; ward off.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“friendship; aid; company.”
[verb], dual, Perfect imperative
“liberate; emit; get rid of; shoot; release; put; tousle; secrete; fill into; shoot; spill; lose; ejaculate; exclude; free; remove; loosen; let go of; add; shed; want; save; defecate; heal; fart; open; abandon; discard; precipitate; reject; lay; unleash; exhale; discharge.”