Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.84.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

क॒विमि॑व॒ प्रचे॑तसं॒ यं दे॒वासो॒ अध॑ द्वि॒ता । नि मर्त्ये॑ष्वाद॒धुः ॥
कविमिव प्रचेतसं यं देवासो अध द्विता । नि मर्त्येष्वादधुः ॥
kavim iva pracetasaṃ yaṃ devāso adha dvitā | ni martyeṣv ādadhuḥ ||

English translation:

“Whom he gods have set like a wise seer in a two-fold function among mortals.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Two-fold function: Agni'stwo functions are the gārhapatya and āhavanīya fires, or it may refer to his offices connected with thesaacrifice in heaven and earth

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): uśanā kāvyaḥ [uśanā kāvya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

क॒विम्ऽइ॑व । प्रऽचे॑तसम् । यम् । दे॒वासः॑ । अध॑ । द्वि॒ता । नि । मर्त्ये॑षु । आ॒ऽद॒धुः ॥
कविम्इव । प्रचेतसम् । यम् । देवासः । अध । द्विता । नि । मर्त्येषु । आदधुः ॥
kavim-iva | pra-cetasam | yam | devāsaḥ | adha | dvitā | ni | martyeṣu | ādadhuḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.84.2 English analysis of grammar]

kavim < kavi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

pracetasaṃ < pracetasam < pracetas

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“intelligent; mindful; attentive; wise; apt; observant.”

yaṃ < yam < yad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

devāso < devāsaḥ < deva

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

adha

[adverb]

“then; and; therefore; now.”

dvitā

[adverb]

“again.”

ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

martyeṣv < martyeṣu < martya

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“man; people; martya [word]; Earth.”

ādadhuḥ < ādhā < √dhā

[verb], plural, Perfect indicative

“put; conceive; ignite; keep; effect; fuel; lend; cover; direct.”

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