Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.79.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वं चि॒त्ती तव॒ दक्षै॑र्दि॒व आ पृ॑थि॒व्या ऋ॑जीषिन् । यावी॑र॒घस्य॑ चि॒द्द्वेष॑: ॥
त्वं चित्ती तव दक्षैर्दिव आ पृथिव्या ऋजीषिन् । यावीरघस्य चिद्द्वेषः ॥
tvaṃ cittī tava dakṣair diva ā pṛthivyā ṛjīṣin | yāvīr aghasya cid dveṣaḥ ||

English translation:

“O Ṛjīṣin, by you wisdom and might drive away the enmity of our oppressor from the heaven andearth.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

O Ṛjīṣin: i.e., you who possess the remains of the Soma, offered in the third savana, cf. TaittirīyaSaṃhitā 6.1.6

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kṛtnurbhārgavaḥ [kṛtnurbhārgava];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वम् । चि॒त्ती । तव॑ । दक्षैः॑ । दि॒वः । आ । पृ॒थि॒व्याः । ऋ॒जी॒षि॒न् । यावीः॑ । अ॒घस्य॑ । चि॒त् । द्वेषः॑ ॥
त्वम् । चित्ती । तव । दक्षैः । दिवः । आ । पृथिव्याः । ऋजीषिन् । यावीः । अघस्य । चित् । द्वेषः ॥
tvam | cittī | tava | dakṣaiḥ | divaḥ | ā | pṛthivyāḥ | ṛjīṣin | yāvīḥ | aghasya | cit | dveṣaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.79.4 English analysis of grammar]

tvaṃ < tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

cittī < citti

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“purpose.”

tava < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

dakṣair < dakṣaiḥ < dakṣa

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“Dakṣa; ability; cock; fitness; will; purpose; disposition; cock.”

diva < divaḥ < div

[noun], ablative, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

pṛthivyā < pṛthivyāḥ < pṛthivī

[noun], ablative, singular, feminine

“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”

ṛjīṣin

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

yāvīr < yāvīḥ < yu

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“keep away; separate; ward off.”

aghasya < agha

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“bad; dangerous; ill; iniquitous; bad.”

cid < cit

[adverb]

“even; indeed.”

dveṣaḥ < dveṣas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“hostility; enemy.”

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