Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.78.9

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वामिद्य॑व॒युर्मम॒ कामो॑ ग॒व्युर्हि॑रण्य॒युः । त्वाम॑श्व॒युरेष॑ते ॥
त्वामिद्यवयुर्मम कामो गव्युर्हिरण्ययुः । त्वामश्वयुरेषते ॥
tvām id yavayur mama kāmo gavyur hiraṇyayuḥ | tvām aśvayur eṣate ||

English translation:

“To you my desire astens, seeking barley, cows and gold-- to you it hastens seeking horses.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Barley:yava = barley; in the Atharva Veda and the Brāhmaṇas, yava and vrīhi (rice) are the principal kinds of corn,while rice is not mentioned in the Rigveda

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kurusutiḥ kāṇvaḥ [kurusuti kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāḍgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वाम् । इत् । य॒व॒ऽयुः । मम॑ । कामः॑ । ग॒व्युः । हि॒र॒ण्य॒युः । त्वाम् । अ॒श्व॒ऽयुः । आ । ई॒ष॒ते॒ ॥
त्वाम् । इत् । यवयुः । मम । कामः । गव्युः । हिरण्ययुः । त्वाम् । अश्वयुः । आ । ईषते ॥
tvām | it | yava-yuḥ | mama | kāmaḥ | gavyuḥ | hiraṇyayuḥ | tvām | aśva-yuḥ | ā | īṣate

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.78.9 English analysis of grammar]

tvām < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

yavayur < yavayuḥ < yavayu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

mama < mad

[noun], genitive, singular

“I; mine.”

kāmo < kāmaḥ < kāma

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“wish; desire; sexual love; sexual desire; desire; Kama; sensuality; love; purpose; sexual arousal; pleasure; enjoyment; licentiousness; kāma [word]; sexual intercourse; thorn apple; wish.”

gavyur < gavyuḥ < gavyu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

hiraṇyayuḥ < hiraṇyayu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

tvām < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

aśvayur < aśvayuḥ < aśvayu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

eṣate < iṣ

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“desire; recommend; approve; seek; call; search; try; prefer; love; commend; assent; permit; choose.”

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