Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.74.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यं जना॑सो ह॒विष्म॑न्तो मि॒त्रं न स॒र्पिरा॑सुतिम् । प्र॒शंस॑न्ति॒ प्रश॑स्तिभिः ॥
यं जनासो हविष्मन्तो मित्रं न सर्पिरासुतिम् । प्रशंसन्ति प्रशस्तिभिः ॥
yaṃ janāso haviṣmanto mitraṃ na sarpirāsutim | praśaṃsanti praśastibhiḥ ||

English translation:

“(That Agni), to whom clarified butter is offered, whom man, bearing oblations, worship with praises as afriend.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

As a friend: mitram na = like the sun

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ [gopavana ātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यम् । जना॑सः । ह॒विष्म॑न्तः । मि॒त्रम् । न । स॒र्पिःऽआ॑सुतिम् । प्र॒ऽशंस॑न्ति । प्रश॑स्तिऽभिः ॥
यम् । जनासः । हविष्मन्तः । मित्रम् । न । सर्पिःआसुतिम् । प्रशंसन्ति । प्रशस्तिभिः ॥
yam | janāsaḥ | haviṣmantaḥ | mitram | na | sarpiḥ-āsutim | pra-śaṃsanti | praśasti-bhiḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.74.2 English analysis of grammar]

yaṃ < yam < yad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

janāso < janāsaḥ < jana

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”

haviṣmanto < haviṣmantaḥ < haviṣmat

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“sacrificing.”

mitraṃ < mitram < mitra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

sarpirāsutim < sarpiḥ < sarpis

[noun], neuter

“ghee; clarified butter; sarpiḥprameha.”

sarpirāsutim < āsutim < āsuti

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“āsuti [word].”

praśaṃsanti < praśaṃs < √śaṃs

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“recommend; approve; praise; laud; favor; proclaim.”

praśastibhiḥ < praśasti

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“announcement; praise; respect.”

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