Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.74.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

वि॒शोवि॑शो वो॒ अति॑थिं वाज॒यन्त॑: पुरुप्रि॒यम् । अ॒ग्निं वो॒ दुर्यं॒ वच॑: स्तु॒षे शू॒षस्य॒ मन्म॑भिः ॥
विशोविशो वो अतिथिं वाजयन्तः पुरुप्रियम् । अग्निं वो दुर्यं वचः स्तुषे शूषस्य मन्मभिः ॥
viśo-viśo vo atithiṃ vājayantaḥ purupriyam | agniṃ vo duryaṃ vacaḥ stuṣe śūṣasya manmabhiḥ ||

English translation:

“Food-desiring (priests, worship) Agni, who is the guest of all mankind, beloved of many; I address tohim in your behalf a domestic homage with hymns, for the attainment of happiness.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Domestic: duryam = gṛhyamgṛhe bhavam (RV 2.38.5); gṛhebhyo hitā (RV 8.1.11)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ [gopavana ātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdanuṣṭup;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

वि॒शःऽवि॑सः । वः॒ । अति॑थिम् । वा॒ज॒ऽयन्तः॑ । पु॒रु॒ऽप्रि॒यम् । अ॒ग्निम् । वः॒ । दुर्य॑म् । वचः॑ । स्तु॒षे । शू॒षस्य॑ । मन्म॑ऽभिः ॥
विशःविसः । वः । अतिथिम् । वाजयन्तः । पुरुप्रियम् । अग्निम् । वः । दुर्यम् । वचः । स्तुषे । शूषस्य । मन्मभिः ॥
viśaḥ-visaḥ | vaḥ | atithim | vāja-yantaḥ | puru-priyam | agnim | vaḥ | duyarm | vacaḥ | stuṣe | śūṣasya | manma-bhiḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.74.1 English analysis of grammar]

viśo < viśaḥ < viś

[noun], genitive, singular, feminine

“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”

viśo < viśaḥ < viś

[noun], genitive, singular, feminine

“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”

vo < vaḥ < tvad

[noun], genitive, plural

“you.”

atithiṃ < atithim < atithi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“guest; atithi [word]; Atithi.”

vājayantaḥ < vājay < √vaj

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“incite.”

purupriyam < puru

[noun]

“many; much(a); very.”

purupriyam < priyam < priya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”

agniṃ < agnim < agni

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

vo < vaḥ < tvad

[noun], genitive, plural

“you.”

duryaṃ < duryam < durya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

vaca < vacaḥ < vacas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“statement; command; speech; words; advice; word; voice.”

stuṣe < stu

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“laud; praise; declare; stu.”

śūṣasya < śūṣa

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“song; energy.”

manmabhiḥ < manman

[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter

“hymn; idea; purpose.”

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