Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.72.12

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

गाव॒ उपा॑वताव॒तं म॒ही य॒ज्ञस्य॑ र॒प्सुदा॑ । उ॒भा कर्णा॑ हिर॒ण्यया॑ ॥
गाव उपावतावतं मही यज्ञस्य रप्सुदा । उभा कर्णा हिरण्यया ॥
gāva upāvatāvatam mahī yajñasya rapsudā | ubhā karṇā hiraṇyayā ||

English translation:

“Draw near, you cows, to the cauldron; (the two kinds of milk) in the sacrifice are plural ntiful and fruitgiving; both ears (of the vessel) are golden.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Two kinds of milk: the milk of a cow and a got is poured into thegharma or mahāvīra;

Rapsudā = āripsoḥ phalaprade, giving fruit to one who is about to begin; or, lipsvoraśvinor dātavye, to be presented to those who desire to receive it (i.e. the Aśvins); or, rap, to praise: mantreṇadātavye; or dohanīye, to be rightly offered or milked (sud) with hymns. OR, rapsu = rūpa: O cows, approachthe altar-trench (catvala), for heaven and earth (mahī) give beauty to the sacrifice; both your ears are golden

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): haryataḥ prāgāthaḥ [haryata prāgātha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agnirharvīṣi vā ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

गावः॑ । उप॑ । अ॒व॒त॒ । अ॒व॒तम् । म॒ही इति॑ । य॒ज्ञस्य॑ । र॒प्सुदा॑ । उ॒भा । कर्णा॑ । हि॒र॒ण्यया॑ ॥
गावः । उप । अवत । अवतम् । मही इति । यज्ञस्य । रप्सुदा । उभा । कर्णा । हिरण्यया ॥
gāvaḥ | upa | avata | avatam | mahī iti | yajñasya | rapsudā | ubhā | karṇā | hiraṇyayā

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.72.12 English analysis of grammar]

gāva < gāvaḥ < go

[noun], vocative, plural, masculine

“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

upāvatāvatam < upāvata < upāv < √av

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“help.”

upāvatāvatam < avatam < avata

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“well.”

mahī < mah

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

yajñasya < yajña

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

rapsudā

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

ubhā < ubh

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“both(a).”

karṇā < karṇa

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“ear; Karṇa; karṇa [word]; auricle; fluke; diameter; lobule.”

hiraṇyayā < hiraṇyaya

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“gold; aureate; hiraṇyaya [word].”

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