Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.68.18

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ऐषु॑ चेत॒द्वृष॑ण्वत्य॒न्तॠ॒ज्रेष्वरु॑षी । स्व॒भी॒शुः कशा॑वती ॥
ऐषु चेतद्वृषण्वत्यन्तॠज्रेष्वरुषी । स्वभीशुः कशावती ॥
aiṣu cetad vṛṣaṇvaty antar ṛjreṣv aruṣī | svabhīśuḥ kaśāvatī ||

English translation:

“Among these straight-going steeds is numbered a mature mare with excellent reins and whip.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Reinsand whip: kaśāvatī = dṛptā, proud, spirited

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): priyamedhaḥ [priyamedha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ṛkṣāśvamedhayordānastutiḥ ;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ । एषु॑ । चे॒त॒त् । वृष॑ण्ऽवती । अ॒न्तः । ऋ॒ज्रेषु॑ । अरु॑षी । सु॒ऽअ॒भी॒शुः । कशा॑ऽवती ॥
आ । एषु । चेतत् । वृषण्वती । अन्तः । ऋज्रेषु । अरुषी । सुअभीशुः । कशावती ॥
ā | eṣu | cetat | vṛṣaṇ-vatī | antaḥ | ṛjreṣu | aruṣī | su-abhīśuḥ | kaśāvatī

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.68.18 English analysis of grammar]

aiṣu < ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

aiṣu < eṣu < idam

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

cetad < cetat < cit

[verb], singular, Present injunctive

“notice; observe; attend to; intend.”

vṛṣaṇvaty < vṛṣaṇvatī < vṛṣaṇvat

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

antar

[adverb]

“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”

ṛjreṣv < ṛjreṣu < ṛjra

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“red.”

aruṣī < aruṣa

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“red; red.”

svabhīśuḥ < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

svabhīśuḥ < abhīśuḥ < abhīśu

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“beam; rein.”

kaśāvatī < kaśāvat

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

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