Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.66.10
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कदू॑ म॒हीरधृ॑ष्टा अस्य॒ तवि॑षी॒: कदु॑ वृत्र॒घ्नो अस्तृ॑तम् । इन्द्रो॒ विश्वा॑न्बेक॒नाटाँ॑ अह॒र्दृश॑ उ॒त क्रत्वा॑ प॒णीँर॒भि ॥
कदू महीरधृष्टा अस्य तविषीः कदु वृत्रघ्नो अस्तृतम् । इन्द्रो विश्वान्बेकनाटाँ अहर्दृश उत क्रत्वा पणीँरभि ॥
kad ū mahīr adhṛṣṭā asya taviṣīḥ kad u vṛtraghno astṛtam | indro viśvān bekanāṭām̐ ahardṛśa uta kratvā paṇīm̐r abhi ||
English translation:
“When were his mighty forces ever languid? When was aught undestroyed before the slayer of Vṛtra?Indra by his energy overpowers all the huckstering usurers who see only this world's days.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Huckstering usurers:cf. Nirukta 6.26; usurers and hucksters;
Ahardṛśaḥ = seeing the day, i.e., seeing only the light of this world anddwelling in deep darkness after death; cf. Manu 8.102, re: a censure on usurers and traders
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kaliḥ pragāthaḥ [kali pragātha];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): paṅktiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कत् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । म॒हीः । अधृ॑ष्टाः । अ॒स्य॒ । तवि॑षीः । कत् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । वृ॒त्र॒ऽघ्नः । अस्तृ॑तम् । इन्द्रः॑ । विश्वा॑न् । बे॒क॒ऽनाटा॑न् । अ॒हः॒ऽदृषः॑ । उ॒त । क्रत्वा॑ । प॒णीन् । अ॒भि ॥
कत् । ऊँ इति । महीः । अधृष्टाः । अस्य । तविषीः । कत् । ऊँ इति । वृत्रघ्नः । अस्तृतम् । इन्द्रः । विश्वान् । बेकनाटान् । अहःदृषः । उत । क्रत्वा । पणीन् । अभि ॥
kat | oṃ | iti | mahīḥ | adhṛṣṭāḥ | asya | taviṣīḥ | kat | oṃ iti | vṛtra-ghnaḥ | astṛtam | indraḥ | viśvān | beka-nāṭān | ahaḥ-dṛṣaḥ | uta | kratvā | paṇīn | abhi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.66.10 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“great; firm.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“modest; invincible.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“strength; power.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“curative; removing; killing; destroying; māraka; multiplied.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“durable; invincible.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“niggard; paṇ.”
[adverb]
“towards; on.”