Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.61.16
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वं न॑: प॒श्चाद॑ध॒रादु॑त्त॒रात्पु॒र इन्द्र॒ नि पा॑हि वि॒श्वत॑: । आ॒रे अ॒स्मत्कृ॑णुहि॒ दैव्यं॑ भ॒यमा॒रे हे॒तीरदे॑वीः ॥
त्वं नः पश्चादधरादुत्तरात्पुर इन्द्र नि पाहि विश्वतः । आरे अस्मत्कृणुहि दैव्यं भयमारे हेतीरदेवीः ॥
tvaṃ naḥ paścād adharād uttarāt pura indra ni pāhi viśvataḥ | āre asmat kṛṇuhi daivyam bhayam āre hetīr adevīḥ ||
English translation:
“Indra, protect us from the west, from the south, from the north, from the east, protect us from every side;keep far from us supernatural alarm, keep afar the weapons of the demons.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
I.e. protect us from the west, fromthe east, from below, from the north
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bhargaḥ prāgāthaḥ [bharga prāgātha];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम् । नः॒ । प॒श्चात् । अ॒ध॒रात् । उ॒त्त॒रात् । पु॒रः । इन्द्र॑ । नि । पा॒हि॒ । वि॒श्वतः॑ । आ॒रे । अ॒स्मत् । कृ॒णु॒हि॒ । दैव्य॑म् । भ॒यम् । आ॒रे । हे॒तीः । अदे॑वीः ॥
त्वम् । नः । पश्चात् । अधरात् । उत्तरात् । पुरः । इन्द्र । नि । पाहि । विश्वतः । आरे । अस्मत् । कृणुहि । दैव्यम् । भयम् । आरे । हेतीः । अदेवीः ॥
tvam | naḥ | paścāt | adharāt | uttarāt | puraḥ | indra | ni | pāhi | viśvataḥ | āre | asmat | kṛṇuhi | daivyam | bhayam | āre | hetīḥ | adevīḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.61.16 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; westward; paścāt [word]; after; back.”
[adverb]
“below; south.”
[adverb]
“north.”
[adverb]
“ahead; puras [word]; easterly; eastward; east; earlier.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“protect; govern.”
[adverb]
“everywhere; around; about.”
[adverb]
“far.”
[noun], ablative, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“divine; divine; celestial.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“fear; danger; danger; bhaya [word]; distress; apprehension; alarm; apprehension.”
[adverb]
“far.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“projectile; heti [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“godless.”