Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.60.13
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
शिशा॑नो वृष॒भो य॑था॒ग्निः शृङ्गे॒ दवि॑ध्वत् । ति॒ग्मा अ॑स्य॒ हन॑वो॒ न प्र॑ति॒धृषे॑ सु॒जम्भ॒: सह॑सो य॒हुः ॥
शिशानो वृषभो यथाग्निः शृङ्गे दविध्वत् । तिग्मा अस्य हनवो न प्रतिधृषे सुजम्भः सहसो यहुः ॥
śiśāno vṛṣabho yathāgniḥ śṛṅge davidhvat | tigmā asya hanavo na pratidhṛṣe sujambhaḥ sahaso yahuḥ ||
English translation:
“Agni tosses his horns, sharpening them as a bull; his sharp jaws are not to be resisted; he is mightytoothed, this son of strength.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Not to be resisted: na = iva (hanava iva);
Na = pratīdhṛṣe
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bhargaḥ prāgāthaḥ [bharga prāgātha];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
शिशा॑नः । वृ॒ष॒भः । य॒था॒ । अ॒ग्निः । शृङ्गे॑ । दवि॑ध्वत् । ति॒ग्माः । अ॒स्य॒ । हन॑वः । न । प्र॒ति॒ऽधृषे॑ । सु॒ऽजम्भः॑ । सह॑सः । य॒हुः ॥
शिशानः । वृषभः । यथा । अग्निः । शृङ्गे । दविध्वत् । तिग्माः । अस्य । हनवः । न । प्रतिधृषे । सुजम्भः । सहसः । यहुः ॥
śiśānaḥ | vṛṣabhaḥ | yathā | agniḥ | śṛṅge | davidhvat | tigmāḥ | asya | hanavaḥ | na | prati-dhṛṣe | su-jambhaḥ | sahasaḥ | yahuḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.60.13 English analysis of grammar]
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“sharpen; whet; strengthen.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”
[adverb]
“equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], accusative, dual, neuter
“peak; horn; tusk; śṛṅga [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“shake.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“sharp; pointed; fiery.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“jaw.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[verb noun]
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Jambha; citron; jaw; tooth; molar; back tooth.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“force; strength; might; sahas [word]; conquest.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“offspring.”