Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.53.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

य आ॒युं कुत्स॑मतिथि॒ग्वमर्द॑यो वावृधा॒नो दि॒वेदि॑वे । तं त्वा॑ व॒यं हर्य॑श्वं श॒तक्र॑तुं वाज॒यन्तो॑ हवामहे ॥
य आयुं कुत्समतिथिग्वमर्दयो वावृधानो दिवेदिवे । तं त्वा वयं हर्यश्वं शतक्रतुं वाजयन्तो हवामहे ॥
ya āyuṃ kutsam atithigvam ardayo vāvṛdhāno dive-dive | taṃ tvā vayaṃ haryaśvaṃ śatakratuṃ vājayanto havāmahe ||

English translation:

“You who, waxing in might day by day, did destroy Āyu, Kutsa, and Atithigva, we invoke you,Śatakratu, with your bay horses, rousing you by our offerings.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhyaḥ kāṇvaḥ [medhya kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛtpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यः । आ॒युम् । कुत्स॑म् । अ॒ति॒थि॒ऽग्वम् । अर्द॑यः । व॒वृ॒धा॒नः । दि॒वेऽदि॑वे । तम् । त्वा॒ । व॒यम् । हरि॑ऽअश्वम् । श॒तऽक्र॑तुम् । वा॒ज॒ऽयन्तः॑ । ह॒वा॒म॒हे॒ ॥
यः । आयुम् । कुत्सम् । अतिथिग्वम् । अर्दयः । ववृधानः । दिवेदिवे । तम् । त्वा । वयम् । हरिअश्वम् । शतक्रतुम् । वाजयन्तः । हवामहे ॥
yaḥ | āyum | kutsam | atithi-gvam | ardayaḥ | vavṛdhānaḥ | dive--dive | tam | tvā | vayam | hari-aśvam | śata-kratum | vāja-yantaḥ | havāmahe

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.53.2 English analysis of grammar]

ya < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

āyuṃ < āyum < āyu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

kutsam < kutsa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Kutsa; kutsa [word].”

atithigvam < atithigva

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

ardayo < ardayaḥ < arday < √ṛd

[verb], singular, Present injunctive

“afflict; afflict; affect; distress; torment; impel; grind; suffer.”

vāvṛdhāno < vāvṛdhānaḥ < vṛdh

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

dive < diva

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“day; sky; Svarga.”

dive < diva

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“day; sky; Svarga.”

taṃ < tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

vayaṃ < vayam < mad

[noun], nominative, plural

“I; mine.”

haryaśvaṃ < haryaśvam < haryaśva

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Indra; Haryaśva.”

śatakratuṃ < śatakratum < śatakratu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Indra.”

vājayanto < vājayantaḥ < vājay < √vaj

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“incite.”

havāmahe < hvā

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“raise; call on; call; summon.”

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