Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.48.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

इ॒मे मा॑ पी॒ता य॒शस॑ उरु॒ष्यवो॒ रथं॒ न गाव॒: सम॑नाह॒ पर्व॑सु । ते मा॑ रक्षन्तु वि॒स्रस॑श्च॒रित्रा॑दु॒त मा॒ स्रामा॑द्यवय॒न्त्विन्द॑वः ॥
इमे मा पीता यशस उरुष्यवो रथं न गावः समनाह पर्वसु । ते मा रक्षन्तु विस्रसश्चरित्रादुत मा स्रामाद्यवयन्त्विन्दवः ॥
ime mā pītā yaśasa uruṣyavo rathaṃ na gāvaḥ sam anāha parvasu | te mā rakṣantu visrasaś caritrād uta mā srāmād yavayantv indavaḥ ||

English translation:

“May these glory-conferring protecting Soma-streams knit together my joints as cows draw together achariot falling in pieces; may they keep us from a loosely-knit worship; may they deliver me from sickness.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Cows:gāvaḥ = Soma streams, as the Soma is mixed with milk, and thus considered the product of the cows; aloosely-knit worship: when the Soma is drunk, the ceremony becomes consolidated

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): pragāthaḥ kāṇvaḥ [pragātha kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

इ॒मे । मा॒ । पी॒ताः । य॒शसः॑ । उ॒रु॒ष्यवः॑ । रथ॑म् । न । गावः॑ । सम् । अ॒ना॒ह॒ । पर्व॑ऽसु । ते । मा॒ । र॒क्ष॒न्तु॒ । वि॒स्रसः॑ । च॒रित्रा॑त् । उ॒त । मा॒ । स्रामा॑त् । य॒व॒य॒न्तु॒ । इन्द॑वः ॥
इमे । मा । पीताः । यशसः । उरुष्यवः । रथम् । न । गावः । सम् । अनाह । पर्वसु । ते । मा । रक्षन्तु । विस्रसः । चरित्रात् । उत । मा । स्रामात् । यवयन्तु । इन्दवः ॥
ime | mā | pītāḥ | yaśasaḥ | uruṣyavaḥ | ratham | na | gāvaḥ | sam | anāha | parva-su | te | mā | rakṣantu | visrasaḥ | caritrāt | uta | mā | srāmāt | yavayantu | indavaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.48.5 English analysis of grammar]

ime < idam

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

< mad

[noun], accusative, singular

“I; mine.”

pītā < pītāḥ <

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

yaśasa < yaśasaḥ < yaśas

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“esteemed; celebrated; glorious; honorable.”

uruṣyavo < uruṣyavaḥ < uruṣyu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

rathaṃ < ratham < ratha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

gāvaḥ < go

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

anāha < _ < √_

[?]

“_”

parvasu < parvan

[noun], locative, plural, neuter

“joint; knot; festival; day; articulation; knot.”

te < tad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

< mad

[noun], accusative, singular

“I; mine.”

rakṣantu < rakṣ

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“protect; guard; keep; stow; govern; guard; spare; accumulate.”

visrasaś < visrasaḥ < visraṃs < √sraṃs

[verb noun]

“fall off.”

caritrād < caritrāt < caritra

[noun], ablative, singular, neuter

“foot; behavior.”

uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

[adverb]

“not.”

srāmād < srāmāt < srāma

[noun], ablative, singular, masculine

yavayantv < yavayantu < yavay < √yu

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“keep away; ward off.”

indavaḥ < indu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

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