Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.46.20

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सनि॑त॒: सुस॑नित॒रुग्र॒ चित्र॒ चेति॑ष्ठ॒ सूनृ॑त । प्रा॒सहा॑ सम्रा॒ट् सहु॑रिं॒ सह॑न्तं भु॒ज्युं वाजे॑षु॒ पूर्व्य॑म् ॥
सनितः सुसनितरुग्र चित्र चेतिष्ठ सूनृत । प्रासहा सम्राट् सहुरिं सहन्तं भुज्युं वाजेषु पूर्व्यम् ॥
sanitaḥ susanitar ugra citra cetiṣṭha sūnṛta | prāsahā samrāṭ sahuriṃ sahantam bhujyuṃ vājeṣu pūrvyam ||

English translation:

“O bountiful, mos bountiful, mighty, wondeful, best giver of knowledge and supremely truthful, by yourprowess, universal ruler, (bring to us) in conflicts ample wealth, overpowering those who attack us, and causingenjoyment.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Bhujyam, pūrvyam: two epithes applied in RV 8.22.2 to the chariot of the Aśvins;

Pūrvya = goingbefore (in battle);

Bhujyu = preserver of all

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vaśo'śvyaḥ [vaśa aśvya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सनि॑त॒रिति॑ । सुऽस॑नितः । उग्र॑ । चित्र॑ । चेति॑ष्ठ । सूनृ॑त । प्र॒ऽसहा॑ । सम्ऽरा॒ट् । सहु॑रिम् । सह॑न्तम् । भु॒ज्युम् । वाजे॑षु । पूर्व्य॑म् ॥
सनितरिति । सुसनितः । उग्र । चित्र । चेतिष्ठ । सूनृत । प्रसहा । सम्राट् । सहुरिम् । सहन्तम् । भुज्युम् । वाजेषु । पूर्व्यम् ॥
sanitariti | su-sanitaḥ | ugra | citra | cetiṣṭha | sūnṛta | pra-sahā | sam-rāṭ | sahurim | sahantam | bhujyum | vājeṣu | pūrvyam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.46.20 English analysis of grammar]

sanitaḥ < sanitar < sanitṛ

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“bestowing; victorious.”

susanitar < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

susanitar < sanitar < sanitṛ

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“bestowing; victorious.”

ugra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”

citra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“manifold; extraordinary; beautiful; divers(a); varicolored; bright; bright; bright; outstanding; agitated; aglitter(p); brilliant; painted; obvious; patched; bizarre.”

cetiṣṭha

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“attentive.”

sūnṛta

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“big; friendly.”

prāsahā < prāsah

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“violence.”

samrāṭ < samrāj

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“sovereign; ruler.”

sahuriṃ < sahurim < sahuri

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“victorious; mighty; strong.”

sahantam < sah

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“endure; overcome; habituate.”

bhujyuṃ < bhujyum < bhujyu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

vājeṣu < vāja

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

pūrvyam < pūrvya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“first; precedent; age-old; excellent; former(a).”

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