Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.45.14

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

क॒कु॒हं चि॑त्त्वा कवे॒ मन्द॑न्तु धृष्ण॒विन्द॑वः । आ त्वा॑ प॒णिं यदीम॑हे ॥
ककुहं चित्त्वा कवे मन्दन्तु धृष्णविन्दवः । आ त्वा पणिं यदीमहे ॥
kakuhaṃ cit tvā kave mandantu dhṛṣṇav indavaḥ | ā tvā paṇiṃ yad īmahe ||

English translation:

“Wise (Indra) overcomer of enemies, when we solicit you the barterer, may the drops of the Somaexhilarate you the exalted one.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Barterer: paṇi (cf. RV 1.33.3: mighty Indra, bestowing upon us abundant wealth,take not advantage of us, like a dealer), mā paṇir bhūr asmād adhi = do not demand from us the strict priceof your gifts. Here, Indra is represented as selling them for the offered Soma libations

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): triśokaḥ kāṇvaḥ [triśoka kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

क॒कु॒हम् । चि॒त् । त्वा॒ । क॒वे॒ । मन्द॑न्तु । धृ॒ष्णो॒ इति॑ । इन्द॑वः । आ । त्वा॒ । प॒णिम् । यत् । ईम॑हे ॥
ककुहम् । चित् । त्वा । कवे । मन्दन्तु । धृष्णो इति । इन्दवः । आ । त्वा । पणिम् । यत् । ईमहे ॥
kakuham | cit | tvā | kave | mandantu | dhṛṣṇo iti | indavaḥ | ā | tvā | paṇim | yat | īmahe

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.45.14 English analysis of grammar]

kakuhaṃ < kakuham < kakuha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“huge; eminent; distinguished.”

cit

[adverb]

“even; indeed.”

tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

kave < kavi

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

mandantu < mad

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”

dhṛṣṇav < dhṛṣṇo < dhṛṣṇu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“brave; ferocious; strong.”

indavaḥ < indu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

paṇiṃ < paṇim < paṇi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“niggard; paṇ.”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

īmahe < ī < √i

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“beg; solicit.”

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