Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.43.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ॒रो॒का इ॑व॒ घेदह॑ ति॒ग्मा अ॑ग्ने॒ तव॒ त्विष॑: । द॒द्भिर्वना॑नि बप्सति ॥
आरोका इव घेदह तिग्मा अग्ने तव त्विषः । दद्भिर्वनानि बप्सति ॥
ārokā iva ghed aha tigmā agne tava tviṣaḥ | dadbhir vanāni bapsati ||

English translation:

“Your fierce flames, Agni, consume the forest, as wild animals destroy (the plural nts) with their teeth.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Wildanimals: arokāḥ = arocamānāḥ paśavaḥ; cf. Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 3.1.2.18: madhye chidrāṇi; (yourfierce flames) glancing, as it were, through the trees

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): virūpa āṅgirasaḥ [virūpa āṅgirasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ॒रो॒काःऽइ॑व । घ॒ । इत् । अह॑ । ति॒ग्माः । अ॒ग्ने॒ । तव॑ । त्विषः॑ । द॒त्ऽभिः । वना॑नि । ब॒प्स॒ति॒ ॥
आरोकाःइव । घ । इत् । अह । तिग्माः । अग्ने । तव । त्विषः । दत्भिः । वनानि । बप्सति ॥
ārokāḥ-iva | gha | it | aha | tigmāḥ | agne | tava | tviṣaḥ | dat-bhiḥ | vanāni | bapsati

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.43.3 English analysis of grammar]

ārokā < ārokāḥ < āroka

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

ghed < gha

[adverb]

ghed < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

aha

[adverb]

“aha [word]; indeed.”

tigmā < tigmāḥ < tigma

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“sharp; pointed; fiery.”

agne < agni

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

tava < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

tviṣaḥ < tviṣ

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“beam; color; beauty.”

dadbhir < dadbhiḥ < dat

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“tooth; dat [word].”

vanāni < vana

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”

bapsati < bhas

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“chew; snatch.”

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