Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.42.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ए॒वा व॑न्दस्व॒ वरु॑णं बृ॒हन्तं॑ नम॒स्या धीर॑म॒मृत॑स्य गो॒पाम् । स न॒: शर्म॑ त्रि॒वरू॑थं॒ वि यं॑सत्पा॒तं नो॑ द्यावापृथिवी उ॒पस्थे॑ ॥
एवा वन्दस्व वरुणं बृहन्तं नमस्या धीरममृतस्य गोपाम् । स नः शर्म त्रिवरूथं वि यंसत्पातं नो द्यावापृथिवी उपस्थे ॥
evā vandasva varuṇam bṛhantaṃ namasyā dhīram amṛtasya gopām | sa naḥ śarma trivarūthaṃ vi yaṃsat pātaṃ no dyāvāpṛthivī upasthe ||
English translation:
“Glorify then the mighty Varuṇa; reverence the wise guardian of the ambrosia; may he bestow upon usa thrice sheltering habitation; may heaven and earth preserve us abiding in their proximity.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Thrice-shelteringhabitation: trivarūtha (RV. 6.46.9) = sheltering from cold, heat and rain; here, tristhānam
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nābhākaḥ kāṇvaḥ [nābhāka kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): varuṇaḥ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ए॒व । व॒न्द॒स्व॒ । वरु॑णम् । बृ॒हन्त॑म् । न॒म॒स्य । धीर॑म् । अ॒मृत॑स्य । गो॒पाम् । सः । नः॒ । शर्म॑ । त्रि॒ऽवरू॑थम् । वि । यं॒स॒त् । प॒तम् । नः॒ । द्या॒वा॒पृ॒थि॒वी॒ इति॑ । उ॒पऽस्थे॑ ॥
एव । वन्दस्व । वरुणम् । बृहन्तम् । नमस्य । धीरम् । अमृतस्य । गोपाम् । सः । नः । शर्म । त्रिवरूथम् । वि । यंसत् । पतम् । नः । द्यावापृथिवी इति । उपस्थे ॥
eva | vandasva | varuṇam | bṛhantam | namasya | dhīram | amṛtasya | gopām | saḥ | naḥ | śarma | tri-varūtham | vi | yaṃsat | patam | naḥ | dyāvāpṛthivī iti | upa-sthe
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.42.2 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“indeed; merely; thus; even; surely; same; eva [word]; successively; immediately; in truth.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“worship; laud.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“worship; respect.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“expert; wise; intelligent; versed; adept.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“amṛta; immortality; vatsanābha; ambrosia; mercury; medicine; vighasa; calcium hydroxide.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“herder; defender.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“protection; protective covering; refuge; joy.”
[noun]
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“defense; protective covering.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
“concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”
[verb], dual, Present imperative
“protect; govern.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], vocative, dual, feminine
“heaven and earth; dyāvāpṛthivī [word].”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“genitalia; lap; sexual desire; anus.”