Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.42.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अस्त॑भ्ना॒द्द्यामसु॑रो वि॒श्ववे॑दा॒ अमि॑मीत वरि॒माणं॑ पृथि॒व्याः । आसी॑द॒द्विश्वा॒ भुव॑नानि स॒म्राड्विश्वेत्तानि॒ वरु॑णस्य व्र॒तानि॑ ॥
अस्तभ्नाद्द्यामसुरो विश्ववेदा अमिमीत वरिमाणं पृथिव्याः । आसीदद्विश्वा भुवनानि सम्राड्विश्वेत्तानि वरुणस्य व्रतानि ॥
astabhnād dyām asuro viśvavedā amimīta varimāṇam pṛthivyāḥ | āsīdad viśvā bhuvanāni samrāḍ viśvet tāni varuṇasya vratāni ||

English translation:

“The possessor of all wealth, the powerful Varuṇa, has fixed the heaven; he has meted the measure ofthe earth; he presides as supreme monarch over all worlds; these all are the functions of Varuṇa”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nābhākaḥ kāṇvaḥ [nābhāka kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): varuṇaḥ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अस्त॑भ्नात् । द्याम् । असु॑रः । वि॒श्वऽवे॑दाः । अमि॑मीत । व॒रि॒माण॑म् । पृ॒थि॒व्याः । आ । अ॒सी॒द॒त् । विश्वा॑ । भुव॑नानि । स॒म्ऽराट् । विश्वा॑ । इत् । तानि॑ । वरु॑णस्य । व्र॒तानि॑ ॥
अस्तभ्नात् । द्याम् । असुरः । विश्ववेदाः । अमिमीत । वरिमाणम् । पृथिव्याः । आ । असीदत् । विश्वा । भुवनानि । सम्राट् । विश्वा । इत् । तानि । वरुणस्य । व्रतानि ॥
astabhnāt | dyām | asuraḥ | viśva-vedāḥ | amimīta | varimāṇam | pṛthivyāḥ | ā | asīdat | viśvā | bhuvanāni | sam-rāṭ | viśvā | it | tāni | varuṇasya | vratāni

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.42.1 English analysis of grammar]

astabhnād < astabhnāt < stambh

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“paralyze; stiffen; fixate; fixate; stambh; rear; stop; strengthen; constipate.”

dyām < div

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

asuro < asuraḥ < asura

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Asura; lord; asura [word]; sulfur.”

viśvavedā < viśva

[noun]

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

viśvavedā < vedāḥ < vedas

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“knowledge.”

amimīta <

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“weigh; measure; total; last; weigh; measure; give away; transform.”

varimāṇam < variman

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“width; size.”

pṛthivyāḥ < pṛthivī

[noun], genitive, singular, feminine

“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”

āsīdad < āsīdat < āsad < √sad

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“approach; attack; sit down; approach; find; arrive.”

viśvā < viśva

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

bhuvanāni < bhuvana

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“Earth; being; world; bhuvana [word].”

samrāḍ < samrāj

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“sovereign; ruler.”

viśvet < viśvā < viśva

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

viśvet < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

tāni < tad

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

varuṇasya < varuṇa

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”

vratāni < vrata

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”

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